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Study of Chinese Learners' Pedagogical Choices in Korean<br><br>In addition to learner-internal influences CLKs' awareness of the need to be pragmatic and the relational affordances they were able to draw from were significant. The RIs from TS and ZL for instance were able to cite their relationship with their local professor as a key factor in their decision to stay clear of criticising a strict prof (see examples 2).<br><br>This article reviews all locally published practical research on Korean up to 2020. It focuses on practical fundamental topics like:<br><br>Discourse Construction Tests (DCTs)<br><br>The Discourse Completion Test (DCT) is an instrument that is widely used in research that is based on pragmatic principles. It has numerous advantages, but also some disadvantages. For example the DCT is unable to account for cultural and personal variations in communication. Furthermore, the DCT can be biased and may result in overgeneralizations. It is important to carefully analyze the data before it is used in research or assessment.<br><br>Despite its limitations, the DCT is a useful instrument to study the relationship between prosody, information structure, and non-native speakers. The ability to alter social variables that affect politeness in two or more steps could be a plus. This can assist researchers understand the role of prosody in communication across cultural contexts, which is a major issue in cross-cultural pragmatics.<br><br>In the field of linguistics the DCT has become one of the most important tools to analyze learners' behavior  무료[https://maps.google.com.qa/url?q=https://www.dermandar.com/user/crimegrass1/ 프라그마틱 슬롯 사이트] [https://www.shufaii.com/space-uid-483821.html 프라그마틱 플레이], [https://mybookmark.stream/story.php?title=learn-about-pragmatic-return-rate-while-working-from-at-home additional reading], in communication. It can be used to investigate numerous issues, like the manner of speaking, turn-taking and the use of lexical terms. It can be used to evaluate the level of phonological sophistication in learners' speech.<br><br>A recent study used a DCT to test EFL students' refusal skills. Participants were presented with a variety of scenarios to choose from and were then asked to select the appropriate response. The researchers discovered that the DCT to be more efficient than other methods of refusal, such as videos or questionnaires. Researchers warned, however, that the DCT must be employed with caution. They also recommended using other data collection methods.<br><br>DCTs can be designed using specific requirements for linguistics,  [http://yxhsm.net/home.php?mod=space&uid=284405 프라그마틱 무료체험 메타] such as design and content. These criterion are intuitive and is based on the assumptions made by the test creators. They are not always accurate and may misrepresent how ELF learners actually reject requests in real-world interactions. This issue requires further studies of different methods to assess the ability to refuse.<br><br>A recent study compared DCT responses to requests made by students via email with the responses gathered from an oral DCT. The results showed that the DCT was more direct and conventionally form-based requests and made a less frequent use of hints than email data did.<br><br>Metapragmatic Questionnaires (MQs)<br><br>This study examined Chinese learners' pragmatic choices when using Korean. It used various experimental tools such as Discourse Completion Tasks, metapragmatic questions, and Refusal Interviews. Participants were 46 CLKs of upper-intermediate level who responded to MQs, DCTs, and RIs. They were also asked to think about their evaluations and refusal performance in RIs. The results showed that CLKs frequently chose to reject native Korean pragmatic norms. Their choices were influenced primarily by four factors that included their personalities and multilingual identities, their ongoing life histories and their relational affordances. These findings have pedagogical implications for L2 Korean assessment.<br><br>The MQ data was first analyzed to identify the participants' actual choices. The data was classified according to Ishihara (2010)'s definition of pragmatic resistance. Then, we compared their choices with their linguistic performance using DCTs to determine if they are indicative of a pragmatic resistance. The interviewees were asked to explain their decision to use pragmatic language in a particular scenario.<br><br>The results of the MQs, DCTs and z-tests were examined using descriptive statistics and Z tests. It was discovered that the CLKs frequently resorted to phrases like "sorry" and "thank you." This was likely due to their lack of experience with the target language, which resulted in an inadequate understanding of korea pragmatic norms. The results showed that CLKs' preferences for either converging to L1 norms or diverging from both L1 and L2 pragmatic norms varies according to the DCT situations. For instance, in Situations 3 and 12 the CLKs favored to diverge from both L1 as well as L2 pragmatic norms while in Situation 14 they preferred converging to L1 norms.<br><br>The RIs further revealed that the CLKs were aware of their own pragmatism in each DCT situation. The RIs were conducted one-toone within two days of the participants completed the MQs. The RIs were recorded and transcribed, and then coded by two coders who were independent. The coding process was iterative, with the coders re-reading and discussing each transcript. The results of coding are contrasted with the original RI transcripts to determine how well they accurately portrayed the underlying behavior.<br><br>Refusal Interviews (RIs)<br><br>The most important problem in the field of pragmatic research is: Why do some learners decide to not accept native-speaker norms? Recent research sought to answer this question using a variety of experimental tools including DCTs MQs and RIs. The participants were comprised of 46 CLKs, 44 CNSs, and 45 KNSs from five Korean universities. They were required to complete the DCTs in their native language and complete the MQs either in their L1 or L2. Then they were invited to attend a RI where they were asked consider their responses to the DCT situations.<br><br>The results showed that, on average, the CLKs resisted native-speaker pragmatic norms in over 40% of their responses. They did this even though they could produce patterns that were similar to natives. They were also conscious of their own pragmatism. They attributed their resistance to learner-internal variables such as their identities and personalities as well as multilingual identities. They also mentioned external factors, like relationship affordances. For instance, they outlined how their relationships with professors led to an easier performance in regards to the intercultural and linguistic norms of their university.<br><br>The interviewees expressed concerns about the social pressures and penalties they could be subject to in the event that their local social norms were not followed. They were concerned that their native friends would think they are "foreigners" and believe that they are unintelligent. This concern was similar to the concerns voiced by Brown (2013) and Ishihara (2009).<br><br>These results suggest that native-speaker pragmatic norms are no longer the preferred choice of Korean learners. They may still be useful for official Korean proficiency tests. But it would be prudent for future researchers to reassess their relevance in specific scenarios and in various contexts. This will help them better understand the effect of different cultures on the classroom behavior and interactions of students in L2. This will also assist educators to create better methods for teaching and testing Korean pragmatics. Seukhoon Paul Choi is principal advisor at Stratways Group, a geopolitical risk consultancy based in Seoul.<br><br>Case Studies<br><br>The case study method is a research strategy that utilizes deep, participatory investigations to study a specific subject. It is a method that makes use of various sources of information to help support the findings, such as interviews,  [https://mybookmark.stream/story.php?title=a-comprehensive-guide-to-pragmatickr-ultimate-guide-to-pragmatickr 프라그마틱 무료 슬롯버프] observations, documents, and artifacts. This type of investigation is useful when analyzing specific or complex subjects which are difficult to assess using other methods.<br><br>The first step in the case study is to define the subject and the goals of the study. This will help determine which aspects of the subject matter are crucial for investigation and which ones could be left out. It is also helpful to read the literature on to the topic to gain a better understanding of the topic and to place the case study in a broader theoretical context.<br><br>This study was conducted on an open source platform that is the KMMLU leaderboard [50] and its specific benchmarks for Korea, HyperCLOVA X and LDCC-Solar (figure 1 below). The results of this study showed that L2 Korean learners were extremely dependent on the influence of native models. They were more likely to select incorrect answer options that were literal interpretations of prompts, which were not based on accurate pragmatic inference. They also showed a strong tendency to add their own text or "garbage," to their responses, further reducing their quality of response.<br><br>The participants of this study were L2 Korean students who had attained the level of four in the Test of Proficiency in Korean TOPIK in their second or third year at university and hoped to achieve level six on their next attempt. They were questioned about their WTC/SPCC, pragmatic awareness and understanding and perception of the world.<br><br>The interviewees were presented two scenarios, each of which involved an imaginary interaction with their co-workers and were asked to choose one of the following strategies when making an inquiry. They were then asked to explain the reasoning behind their choice. The majority of participants attributed their pragmatist opposition to their personalities. 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