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What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of the connection between context, language and meaning. It poses questions such as What do people really mean when they speak in terms?<br><br>It's a philosophies of practical and reasonable action. It's in contrast to idealism, the belief that you should always stick by your principles.<br><br>What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of ways that people who speak get meaning from and with each other. It is often thought of as a part or language, but it is different from semantics because pragmatics focuses on what the user is trying to convey and not on what the actual meaning is.<br><br>As a research area, pragmatics is relatively young and its research has grown quickly in the past few decades. It has been mostly an academic field of study within linguistics, however it also influences research in other fields like speech-language pathology, psychology, sociolinguistics and Anthropology.<br><br>There are a variety of perspectives on pragmatics that have contributed to its development and growth. One perspective is the Gricean pragmatics approach, which focuses primarily on the notion of intention and their interaction with the speaker's understanding of the listener's comprehension. Other perspectives on pragmatics include lexical and conceptual approaches to pragmatics. These views have contributed to the variety of subjects that pragmatics researchers have researched.<br><br>The research in pragmatics has focused on a broad range of subjects such as L2 pragmatic understanding, request production by EFL learners and the role of the theory of mind in both mental and physical metaphors. It has been applied to social and cultural phenomena like political speech, discriminatory speech, and interpersonal communication. Researchers in pragmatics have used a wide range of methodologies from experimental to sociocultural.<br><br>Figure 9A-C demonstrates that the size of the knowledge base for pragmatics differs depending on which database is used. The US and UK are two of the top contributors in research on pragmatics. However, their position varies depending on the database. This is due to pragmatics being a multidisciplinary area that intersects other disciplines.<br><br>This makes it difficult to rank the top pragmatics authors based on the number of publications they have. It is possible to determine influential authors by looking at their contributions to the field of pragmatics. Bambini for instance, has contributed to pragmatics by introducing concepts such as politeness theories and conversational implicititure. Grice, Saul, and Kasper are also highly influential authors of the field of pragmatics.<br><br>What is Free Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics concentrates on the users and contexts of language usage rather than focusing on reference to truth, grammar, or. It focuses on the ways that an expression can be understood to mean different things from different contexts and also those caused by indexicality or ambiguity. It also focuses on the methods that listeners employ to determine whether words are meant to be communicative. It is closely connected to the theory of conversative implicature which was pioneered by Paul Grice.<br><br>The boundaries between these two disciplines are a subject of debate. While the distinction is well-known,  [https://bookmarksusa.com/story18100778/what-pragmatic-you-ll-use-as-your-next-big-obsession 프라그마틱 무료] it is not always clear where the lines should be drawn. For example philosophers have suggested that the concept of sentence's meaning is a part of semantics. Others have argued that this type of thing should be viewed as a pragmatic issue.<br><br>Another area of controversy is whether the study of pragmatics should be regarded as to be a linguistics branch or as a component of philosophy of language. Some researchers have argued pragmatics is an independent field and should be treated as part of linguistics along with the study of phonology. syntax, semantics etc. Others, however have argued the study of pragmatics is an aspect of philosophy since it focuses on the way in which our beliefs about the meaning and use of languages influence our theories about how languages work.<br><br>There are a few key issues in the study of pragmatics that have fuelled the debate. For instance, some scholars have suggested that pragmatics isn't a discipline in and of itself because it examines the ways people interpret and use language without being able to provide any information about what actually gets said. This type of method is known as far-side pragmatics. Other scholars, however, have argued that the study is a discipline in its own right since it examines the way in which the meaning and usage of language is dependent on cultural and social factors. This is called near-side pragmatism.<br><br>Other areas of discussion in pragmatics include the way we perceive the nature of the interpretation of utterances as an inferential process and the role that the primary pragmatic processes play in the determining of what is being said by a speaker in a given sentence. Recanati and Bach discuss these topics in greater depth. Both papers address the notions of saturation and free enrichment in the context of a pragmatic. These are important pragmatic processes that help shape the meaning of an utterance.<br><br>What is the difference between free and explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics focuses on the way in which context influences the meaning of language. It examines how language is used in social interactions, as well as the relationship between the speaker and the interpreter. Pragmaticians are linguists who focus in pragmatics.<br><br>Over the years, [https://bookmarkilo.com/story17966064/20-fun-informational-facts-about-pragmatic-image 프라그마틱 슬롯버프] many different theories of pragmatism have been proposed. Some, such as Gricean pragmatics, concentrate on the communicative intention of a speaker. Others, like Relevance Theory are focused on the understanding processes that occur during utterance interpretation by hearers. Some pragmatics theories are merged with other disciplines, including philosophy and cognitive science.<br><br>There are also a variety of views about the line between semantics and pragmatics. Some philosophers, like Morris, believe that pragmatics and [https://bookmarkspedia.com/story3550131/10-pragmatic-free-trial-meta-hacks-all-experts-recommend 프라그마틱 슬롯 무료체험] semantics are two distinct subjects. He says that semantics deal with the relation of words to objects they may or may not denote, whereas pragmatics is concerned with the usage of words in a context.<br><br>Other philosophers, like Bach and Harnish,  [https://bookmarkingdepot.com/story18038003/the-leading-reasons-why-people-are-successful-in-the-pragmatic-free-industry 프라그마틱 슬롯체험] have argued that pragmatics is a subfield of semantics. They distinguish between 'nearside and far-side' pragmatics. Near-side pragmatics focuses on what is said, while far-side pragmatics focuses on the logical consequences of saying something. They believe that semantics already determines some of the pragmatics of a statement, whereas other pragmatics are determined by pragmatic processes.<br><br>One of the most important aspects of pragmatics is that it is a context-dependent phenomenon. This means that a single utterance could have different meanings based on factors like ambiguity or indexicality. Other elements that can alter the meaning of an utterance include discourse structure, speaker intentions and beliefs, as well as the expectations of the listener.<br><br>Another aspect of pragmatics is that it is a matter of culture. This is because each culture has its own rules regarding what is appropriate in different situations. For [https://dirstop.com/story20498712/this-is-the-advanced-guide-to-pragmatic-play 프라그마틱 슬롯 하는법] instance, it is acceptable in certain cultures to look at each other however it is not acceptable in other cultures.<br><br>There are many different views of pragmatics, and a lot of research is being done in this field. The main areas of study are computational and formal pragmatics theoretic and experimental pragmatics; intercultural and cross-linguistic pragmatics; and pragmatics in the clinical and experimental sense.<br><br>How is Free Pragmatics Similar to Explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>The linguistic discipline of pragmatics is concerned with how meaning is conveyed by the use of language in context. It evaluates the ways in which the speaker's intention and beliefs contribute to interpretation, focusing less on grammatical features of the utterance rather than what is said. Linguists who specialize in pragmatics are called pragmaticians. The topic of pragmatics is connected to other areas of linguistics such as semantics, syntax and the philosophy of language.<br><br>In recent years, the field of pragmatics developed in many different directions. These include computational linguistics and conversational pragmatics. There is a broad range of research in these areas, addressing topics like the importance of lexical characteristics as well as the interaction between discourse and language, and the nature of meaning itself.<br><br>One of the main questions in the philosophical discussion of pragmatics is whether or not it is possible to provide an exhaustive, systematic view of the pragmatics/semantics interface. Some philosophers have suggested that it's not (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have argued that the distinction between semantics and pragmatics is not clear and that semantics and pragmatics are really the same thing.<br><br>The debate between these positions is usually a tussle and scholars arguing that certain events are a part of either semantics or pragmatics. Some scholars argue that if a statement carries an actual truth conditional meaning, it's semantics. Others believe that the possibility that a statement may be read differently is a sign of pragmatics.<br><br>Other researchers in pragmatics have taken a different approach in arguing that the truth-conditional meaning a utterance has is only one of many ways that the word can be interpreted, and that all of these interpretations are valid. This method is often known as far-side pragmatics.<br><br>Some recent work in pragmatics has attempted to integrate the concepts of semantics and far-side, attempting to capture the entire range of possibilities of an utterance's interpretation by demonstrating how the speaker's intentions and  [https://binksites.com/story7754506/five-lessons-you-can-learn-from-pragmatic-genuine 프라그마틱 사이트] beliefs affect the interpretation. For example, Champollion et al. (2019) combine a Gricean game-theoretic model of the Rational Speech Act framework with technological innovations from Franke and Bergen (2020). This model predicts listeners will have to entertain a myriad of exhausted interpretations of an utterance that contains the universal FCI Any. This is the reason why the exclusiveness implicature is so reliable compared to other plausible implications.
What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics examines the relationship between context and language. It asks questions like What do people really mean when they speak in terms?<br><br>It's a way of thinking that focuses on sensible and practical actions. It's in contrast to idealism, the belief that you must always abide to your convictions.<br><br>What is Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics focuses on how people who speak a language interact and communicate with one and with each other. It is often viewed as a part of the language, although it differs from semantics because pragmatics examines what the user intends to convey rather than what the meaning actually is.<br><br>As a field of study it is comparatively new and research in the area has grown rapidly in the last few decades. It is a linguistics-related academic field however, it has also affected research in other areas such as psychology, sociolinguistics, and Anthropology.<br><br>There are many different methods of pragmatics that have contributed to the development and growth of this discipline. One perspective is the Gricean pragmatics approach, which is based primarily on the notions of intention and their interaction with the speaker's understanding of the listener's comprehension. Conceptual and lexical strategies for pragmatics are also perspectives on the subject. These perspectives have contributed to the wide range of subjects that researchers studying pragmatics have studied.<br><br>The study of pragmatics has covered a vast variety of topics, including L2 pragmatic comprehension and request production by EFL students, and the importance of the theory of mind in mental and physical metaphors. It has been applied to social and cultural phenomena like political discourse, discriminatory speech, and interpersonal communication. Pragmatics researchers have also employed various methods from experimental to sociocultural.<br><br>The amount of knowledge base in pragmatics differs by database, as shown in Figure 9A-C. The US and the UK are two of the top contributors in the field of pragmatics research. However, their ranking differs based on the database. This is due to the fact that pragmatics is a multidisciplinary field that intersects with other disciplines.<br><br>This makes it difficult to determine the top pragmatics authors according to the number of publications they have. It is possible to determine influential authors by examining their contributions to the field of pragmatics. For example, Bambini's contribution to pragmatics is a pioneering concept such as conversational implicature and politeness theory. Other authors who have been influential in the field of pragmatics are Grice, Saul and Kasper.<br><br>What is Free Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics concentrates on the contexts and users of language use rather than focusing on reference to truth, grammar, or. It focuses on the ways in which an phrase can be understood to mean different things from different contexts, including those caused by indexicality or ambiguity. It also focuses primarily on the strategies employed by listeners to determine whether words have a meaning that is communicative. It is closely connected to the theory of conversational implicature, pioneered by Paul Grice.<br><br>While the distinction between pragmatics and semantics is a well-known and established one however,  [https://tupalo.com/en/users/7496821 프라그마틱 무료 슬롯버프] 슬롯 체험; [https://menwiki.men/wiki/Why_We_Why_We_Pragmatic_Play_And_You_Should_Also Https://Menwiki.Men/Wiki/Why_We_Why_We_Pragmatic_Play_And_You_Should_Also], there is a lot of controversy about the precise boundaries of these disciplines. For instance, some philosophers have argued that the concept of sentence meaning is an aspect of semantics, while others have argued that this type of thing should be considered as a pragmatic problem.<br><br>Another area of debate is whether the study of pragmatics should be considered a branch of linguistics or a part of the philosophy of language. Some researchers have argued pragmatics is an independent discipline and should be considered a part of linguistics alongside the study of phonology. syntax, semantics etc. Others have suggested the study of pragmatics is a part of philosophy since it deals with how our ideas about the meaning of language and how it is used influence our theories of how languages function.<br><br>The debate has been fuelled by a few key issues that are fundamental to the study of pragmatics. For example, some scholars have suggested that pragmatics isn't a subject in and of itself since it examines the ways people interpret and use language without referring to any facts about what is actually being said. This sort of approach is referred to as far-side pragmatics. Other scholars, however, have argued that the study is a discipline in its own right because it examines the way the meaning and usage of language is affected by cultural and social factors. This is called near-side pragmatics.<br><br>Other topics of discussion in pragmatics include the manner in which we understand the nature of the interpretation of utterances as an inferential process, and the importance that primary pragmatic processes play in the determining of what is said by a speaker in a given sentence. These are topics that are more thoroughly discussed in the papers written by Recanati and Bach. Both papers address the notions of saturation and free pragmatic enrichment. These are crucial pragmatic processes in the sense that they aid in shaping the overall meaning of a statement.<br><br>What is the difference between free and explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics examines how the context affects the meaning of linguistics. It examines the way the human language is utilized in social interaction as well as the relationship between the speaker and interpreter. Linguists who specialize in pragmatics are known as pragmaticians.<br><br>Over the years, a variety of theories of pragmatism have been developed. Some, such as Gricean pragmatics focus on the communication intent of a speaker. Others, such as Relevance Theory are focused on the understanding processes that occur during the interpretation of words by listeners. Some pragmatic approaches have been combined with other disciplines, [https://www.98e.fun/space-uid-8864271.html 무료슬롯 프라그마틱] 환수율; [https://lovewiki.faith/wiki/Tylerherskind2129 just click the following internet site], like philosophy or cognitive science.<br><br>There are also different views regarding the boundary between semantics and pragmatics. Morris is one philosopher who believes that semantics and pragmatism are two distinct topics. He says that semantics deal with the relation of words to objects which they may or may not denote, whereas pragmatics is concerned with the use of words in a context.<br><br>Other philosophers like Bach and Harnish have suggested that pragmatism is an subfield within semantics. They distinguish between 'near-side' and 'far-side' pragmatics. Near-side pragmatics concentrates on the words spoken, while far-side pragmatics focuses on the logical consequences of saying something. They believe that a portion of the 'pragmatics' that accompany the words spoken are already influenced by semantics, while other 'pragmatics' is determined by the pragmatic processes of inference.<br><br>The context is among the most important aspects of pragmatics. This means that the same utterance could have different meanings in different contexts, based on factors such as indexicality and ambiguity. Other things that can change the meaning of an expression are the structure of the speech, the speaker's intentions and beliefs, and expectations of the listener.<br><br>Another aspect of pragmatics is that it is culturally specific. This is because different cultures have their own rules about what is acceptable to say in various situations. For instance, it's acceptable in certain cultures to keep eye contact however it is not acceptable in other cultures.<br><br>There are many different perspectives of pragmatics, and a great deal of research is being done in this field. Some of the main areas of research include: formal and computational pragmatics; theoretical and experimental pragmatics; cross-linguistic and intercultural pragmatics; and pragmatics that are experimental and clinical.<br><br>How does Free Pragmatics compare to Explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>The discipline of pragmatics is concerned with how meaning is communicated through the language used in its context. It focuses less on the grammatical structure of the utterance and more on what the speaker is actually saying. Pragmaticians are linguists who specialize in pragmatics. The subject of pragmatics is related to other areas of linguistics, like syntax, semantics, and philosophy of language.<br><br>In recent years, the field of pragmatics has developed in various directions, including computational linguistics, conversational pragmatics, and theoretical pragmatics. There is a wide range of research conducted in these areas, with a focus on topics like the importance of lexical features and the interaction between discourse and language and the nature of the concept of meaning.<br><br>One of the most important issues in the philosophical discussion of pragmatics is whether or not it is possible to develop an accurate, systematic understanding of the pragmatics/semantics interface. Some philosophers have argued that it's not (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have suggested that the distinction between pragmatics and [https://jszst.com.cn/home.php?mod=space&uid=4215133 프라그마틱 카지노] semantics is ill-defined and that semantics and pragmatics are actually the same thing.<br><br>The debate between these positions is usually an ongoing debate, with scholars arguing that certain phenomena are a part of either pragmatics or semantics. For example certain scholars argue that if an utterance has the literal truth-conditional meaning, it is semantics, while others argue that the fact that a statement may be interpreted in various ways is pragmatics.<br><br>Other researchers in pragmatics have taken a different approach and argue that the truth-conditional meaning of an utterance is only one among many ways in which the expression can be understood, and that all of these ways are valid. This approach is sometimes called "far-side pragmatics".<br><br>Recent research in pragmatics has attempted to integrate semantic and far side methods. It attempts to represent the full range of interpretational possibilities that can be derived from a speaker's words, by modeling the way in which the speaker's beliefs and intentions contribute to the interpretation. For example, Champollion et al. (2019) combine the Gricean game theory model of the Rational Speech Act framework with technical innovations from Franke and Bergen (2020). This model predicts listeners will have to entertain a myriad of exhausted interpretations of an speech utterance that includes the universal FCI Any. This is the reason why the exclusiveness implicature is so robust when compared to other plausible implications.

Latest revision as of 16:53, 8 January 2025

What is Pragmatics?

Pragmatics examines the relationship between context and language. It asks questions like What do people really mean when they speak in terms?

It's a way of thinking that focuses on sensible and practical actions. It's in contrast to idealism, the belief that you must always abide to your convictions.

What is Pragmatics?

The study of pragmatics focuses on how people who speak a language interact and communicate with one and with each other. It is often viewed as a part of the language, although it differs from semantics because pragmatics examines what the user intends to convey rather than what the meaning actually is.

As a field of study it is comparatively new and research in the area has grown rapidly in the last few decades. It is a linguistics-related academic field however, it has also affected research in other areas such as psychology, sociolinguistics, and Anthropology.

There are many different methods of pragmatics that have contributed to the development and growth of this discipline. One perspective is the Gricean pragmatics approach, which is based primarily on the notions of intention and their interaction with the speaker's understanding of the listener's comprehension. Conceptual and lexical strategies for pragmatics are also perspectives on the subject. These perspectives have contributed to the wide range of subjects that researchers studying pragmatics have studied.

The study of pragmatics has covered a vast variety of topics, including L2 pragmatic comprehension and request production by EFL students, and the importance of the theory of mind in mental and physical metaphors. It has been applied to social and cultural phenomena like political discourse, discriminatory speech, and interpersonal communication. Pragmatics researchers have also employed various methods from experimental to sociocultural.

The amount of knowledge base in pragmatics differs by database, as shown in Figure 9A-C. The US and the UK are two of the top contributors in the field of pragmatics research. However, their ranking differs based on the database. This is due to the fact that pragmatics is a multidisciplinary field that intersects with other disciplines.

This makes it difficult to determine the top pragmatics authors according to the number of publications they have. It is possible to determine influential authors by examining their contributions to the field of pragmatics. For example, Bambini's contribution to pragmatics is a pioneering concept such as conversational implicature and politeness theory. Other authors who have been influential in the field of pragmatics are Grice, Saul and Kasper.

What is Free Pragmatics?

The study of pragmatics concentrates on the contexts and users of language use rather than focusing on reference to truth, grammar, or. It focuses on the ways in which an phrase can be understood to mean different things from different contexts, including those caused by indexicality or ambiguity. It also focuses primarily on the strategies employed by listeners to determine whether words have a meaning that is communicative. It is closely connected to the theory of conversational implicature, pioneered by Paul Grice.

While the distinction between pragmatics and semantics is a well-known and established one however, 프라그마틱 무료 슬롯버프 슬롯 체험; Https://Menwiki.Men/Wiki/Why_We_Why_We_Pragmatic_Play_And_You_Should_Also, there is a lot of controversy about the precise boundaries of these disciplines. For instance, some philosophers have argued that the concept of sentence meaning is an aspect of semantics, while others have argued that this type of thing should be considered as a pragmatic problem.

Another area of debate is whether the study of pragmatics should be considered a branch of linguistics or a part of the philosophy of language. Some researchers have argued pragmatics is an independent discipline and should be considered a part of linguistics alongside the study of phonology. syntax, semantics etc. Others have suggested the study of pragmatics is a part of philosophy since it deals with how our ideas about the meaning of language and how it is used influence our theories of how languages function.

The debate has been fuelled by a few key issues that are fundamental to the study of pragmatics. For example, some scholars have suggested that pragmatics isn't a subject in and of itself since it examines the ways people interpret and use language without referring to any facts about what is actually being said. This sort of approach is referred to as far-side pragmatics. Other scholars, however, have argued that the study is a discipline in its own right because it examines the way the meaning and usage of language is affected by cultural and social factors. This is called near-side pragmatics.

Other topics of discussion in pragmatics include the manner in which we understand the nature of the interpretation of utterances as an inferential process, and the importance that primary pragmatic processes play in the determining of what is said by a speaker in a given sentence. These are topics that are more thoroughly discussed in the papers written by Recanati and Bach. Both papers address the notions of saturation and free pragmatic enrichment. These are crucial pragmatic processes in the sense that they aid in shaping the overall meaning of a statement.

What is the difference between free and explanatory Pragmatics?

The study of pragmatics examines how the context affects the meaning of linguistics. It examines the way the human language is utilized in social interaction as well as the relationship between the speaker and interpreter. Linguists who specialize in pragmatics are known as pragmaticians.

Over the years, a variety of theories of pragmatism have been developed. Some, such as Gricean pragmatics focus on the communication intent of a speaker. Others, such as Relevance Theory are focused on the understanding processes that occur during the interpretation of words by listeners. Some pragmatic approaches have been combined with other disciplines, 무료슬롯 프라그마틱 환수율; just click the following internet site, like philosophy or cognitive science.

There are also different views regarding the boundary between semantics and pragmatics. Morris is one philosopher who believes that semantics and pragmatism are two distinct topics. He says that semantics deal with the relation of words to objects which they may or may not denote, whereas pragmatics is concerned with the use of words in a context.

Other philosophers like Bach and Harnish have suggested that pragmatism is an subfield within semantics. They distinguish between 'near-side' and 'far-side' pragmatics. Near-side pragmatics concentrates on the words spoken, while far-side pragmatics focuses on the logical consequences of saying something. They believe that a portion of the 'pragmatics' that accompany the words spoken are already influenced by semantics, while other 'pragmatics' is determined by the pragmatic processes of inference.

The context is among the most important aspects of pragmatics. This means that the same utterance could have different meanings in different contexts, based on factors such as indexicality and ambiguity. Other things that can change the meaning of an expression are the structure of the speech, the speaker's intentions and beliefs, and expectations of the listener.

Another aspect of pragmatics is that it is culturally specific. This is because different cultures have their own rules about what is acceptable to say in various situations. For instance, it's acceptable in certain cultures to keep eye contact however it is not acceptable in other cultures.

There are many different perspectives of pragmatics, and a great deal of research is being done in this field. Some of the main areas of research include: formal and computational pragmatics; theoretical and experimental pragmatics; cross-linguistic and intercultural pragmatics; and pragmatics that are experimental and clinical.

How does Free Pragmatics compare to Explanatory Pragmatics?

The discipline of pragmatics is concerned with how meaning is communicated through the language used in its context. It focuses less on the grammatical structure of the utterance and more on what the speaker is actually saying. Pragmaticians are linguists who specialize in pragmatics. The subject of pragmatics is related to other areas of linguistics, like syntax, semantics, and philosophy of language.

In recent years, the field of pragmatics has developed in various directions, including computational linguistics, conversational pragmatics, and theoretical pragmatics. There is a wide range of research conducted in these areas, with a focus on topics like the importance of lexical features and the interaction between discourse and language and the nature of the concept of meaning.

One of the most important issues in the philosophical discussion of pragmatics is whether or not it is possible to develop an accurate, systematic understanding of the pragmatics/semantics interface. Some philosophers have argued that it's not (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have suggested that the distinction between pragmatics and 프라그마틱 카지노 semantics is ill-defined and that semantics and pragmatics are actually the same thing.

The debate between these positions is usually an ongoing debate, with scholars arguing that certain phenomena are a part of either pragmatics or semantics. For example certain scholars argue that if an utterance has the literal truth-conditional meaning, it is semantics, while others argue that the fact that a statement may be interpreted in various ways is pragmatics.

Other researchers in pragmatics have taken a different approach and argue that the truth-conditional meaning of an utterance is only one among many ways in which the expression can be understood, and that all of these ways are valid. This approach is sometimes called "far-side pragmatics".

Recent research in pragmatics has attempted to integrate semantic and far side methods. It attempts to represent the full range of interpretational possibilities that can be derived from a speaker's words, by modeling the way in which the speaker's beliefs and intentions contribute to the interpretation. For example, Champollion et al. (2019) combine the Gricean game theory model of the Rational Speech Act framework with technical innovations from Franke and Bergen (2020). This model predicts listeners will have to entertain a myriad of exhausted interpretations of an speech utterance that includes the universal FCI Any. This is the reason why the exclusiveness implicature is so robust when compared to other plausible implications.