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What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of the relationship between language, context and meaning. It addresses issues such as What do people mean by the words they use?<br><br>It's a philosophies of practical and sensible action. It contrasts with idealism which is the idea that one should stick to their principles regardless of what.<br><br>What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of the ways in which language users gain meaning from and each with each other. It is typically thought of as a part of language, although it differs from semantics because pragmatics examines what the user wants to convey rather than what the actual meaning is.<br><br>As a research field, [https://www.google.com.ag/url?q=https://www.metooo.io/u/66e563dbb6d67d6d177d5256 프라그마틱 슈가러쉬] 슬롯 하는법 ([https://klein-crosby.hubstack.net/are-you-getting-the-most-of-your-pragmatic-official-website/ linked resource site]) pragmatics is relatively young and its research has grown rapidly in the last few decades. It is a linguistics academic field, but it has also influenced research in other areas like sociolinguistics, psychology, and anthropology.<br><br>There are many different perspectives on pragmatics,  [https://writeablog.net/noteact46/whats-the-current-job-market-for-pragmatic-free-slots-professionals 프라그마틱 슬롯 사이트] and they have contributed to its growth and development. One of these is the Gricean pragmatics approach, which focuses primarily on the notion of intention and the interaction with the speaker's understanding of the listener's understanding. The lexical and concept strategies for pragmatics are also views on the subject. These perspectives have contributed to the variety of subjects that researchers in pragmatics have investigated.<br><br>The study of pragmatics has covered a vast variety of topics, including pragmatic understanding in L2 and request production by EFL students, as well as the significance of the theory of mind in mental and physical metaphors. It has been applied to social and cultural phenomena such as political discourse, discriminatory speech and interpersonal communication. Pragmatics researchers have also employed diverse methodologies that range from experimental to sociocultural.<br><br>Figure 9A-C demonstrates that the size of the knowledge base for pragmatics varies depending on the database utilized. The US and the UK are among the top researchers in pragmatics research, however their ranking varies by database. This is because pragmatics is an interconnected field that connects other disciplines.<br><br>This makes it difficult to classify the top authors in pragmatics according to the number of publications they have. However it is possible to determine the most influential authors through analyzing their contributions to pragmatics. Bambini is one example. He has contributed to pragmatics through concepts like politeness theories and conversational implicititure. Grice, Saul, and Kasper are the most influential authors of pragmatics.<br><br>What is Free Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics is focused on the contexts and users of language usage rather than focusing on reference, truth, or grammar. It studies the ways in which one phrase can be understood as meaning different things from different contexts as well as those triggered by ambiguity or indexicality. It also focuses on methods that listeners employ to determine whether utterances are intended to be communicated. It is closely related to the theory of conversational implicature developed by Paul Grice.<br><br>While the distinction between semantics and pragmatics is a well-known, long-established one however, there is a lot of controversy regarding the exact boundaries of these fields. Some philosophers argue that the notion of meaning of sentences is a part of semantics, whereas others claim that this type of problem should be considered pragmatic.<br><br>Another issue that has been a source of contention is whether the study of pragmatics should be considered an linguistics-related branch or an aspect of philosophy of language. Some researchers have suggested that pragmatics is a subject in its own right and  [https://peatix.com/user/23888146 프라그마틱 무료 슬롯버프] should be considered distinct from the field of linguistics along with syntax, phonology, semantics and more. Others, however, have suggested that the study of pragmatics is an aspect of philosophy of language because it deals with the ways that our beliefs about the meaning and use of language influence our theories of how languages function.<br><br>There are several key issues in the study of pragmatics that have been the source of the debate. For instance, some scholars have claimed that pragmatics isn't a discipline in and of itself since it studies the ways in which people interpret and use language without using any data regarding what is actually being said. This type of approach is known as far-side pragmatics. Others, however, have argued that the study should be considered a discipline in its own right since it examines the manner in which the meaning and use of language is influenced by social and cultural factors. This is referred to as near-side pragmatics.<br><br>The field of pragmatics also discusses the inferential nature and meaning of utterances, as well as the role of primary pragmatic processes in determining what a speaker is saying in the sentence. Recanati and Bach discuss these issues in more depth. Both papers address the notions of saturation and free pragmatic enrichment, which are crucial pragmatic processes in the sense that they shape the overall meaning of a statement.<br><br>What is the difference between explanatory and free Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics is how the context affects the meaning of linguistics. It examines the way the human language is utilized in social interaction and the relationship between speaker and interpreter. Linguists who specialize in pragmatics are known as pragmaticians.<br><br>Many different theories of pragmatics have been developed over time. Some, like Gricean pragmatics, concentrate on the communication intention of a speaker. Others, such as Relevance Theory concentrate on the processes of understanding that occur during utterance interpretation by hearers. Some pragmatic approaches have been incorporated together with other disciplines such as philosophy or cognitive science.<br><br>There are also different views on the borderline between semantics and pragmatics. Certain philosophers, such as Morris, believe that semantics and pragmatics are two separate topics. He argues semantics concerns the relationship between signs and objects they may or may not represent, while pragmatics is concerned with the use of words in the context.<br><br>Other philosophers, such as Bach and Harnish have suggested that pragmatics is a subfield of semantics. They differentiate between 'near-side' and 'far-side' pragmatics. Near-side pragmatics concentrates on what is said, whereas far-side pragmatics concentrates on the logical consequences of saying something. They claim that semantics already determines certain aspects of the meaning of an utterance, while other pragmatics is determined by pragmatic processes.<br><br>One of the most important aspects of pragmatics is that it is a context-dependent phenomenon. This means that the same utterance can mean different things in different contexts, depending on things such as indexicality and ambiguity. Other factors that could alter the meaning of an expression include the structure of the discourse, speaker intentions and beliefs, and expectations of the listener.<br><br>Another aspect of pragmatics is its particularity to the culture. This is due to different cultures having different rules for what is appropriate to say in various situations. For instance, it's polite in some cultures to make eye contact however it is not acceptable in other cultures.<br><br>There are many different perspectives of pragmatics, and a lot of research is being conducted in the field. There are a myriad of areas of research, including pragmatics that are computational and formal as well as experimental and theoretical pragmatism, intercultural and cross linguistic pragmatics and pragmatics in the clinical and experimental sense.<br><br>How is free Pragmatics similar to Explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>The discipline of pragmatics in linguistics is concerned with the way meaning is conveyed through the use of language in a context. It examines the ways in which the speaker's intention and beliefs contribute to interpretation, [https://www.metooo.io/u/66e5e0d6b6d67d6d177e2856 프라그마틱 무료게임] with less attention paid to grammatical features of the utterance rather than what is said. Pragmaticians are linguists who specialize on pragmatics. The topic of pragmatics is linked to other areas of study of linguistics, such as semantics and syntax, or philosophy of language.<br><br>In recent times the field of pragmatics developed in many different directions. This includes conversational pragmatics and computational linguistics. There is a broad range of research conducted in these areas, addressing topics like the importance of lexical features as well as the interaction between discourse and language and the nature of the concept of meaning.<br><br>In the philosophical debate about pragmatism one of the most important issues is whether it is possible to give a rigorous and systematic explanation of the interface between semantics and pragmatics. Some philosophers have suggested that it isn't (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have argued that the distinction between semantics and pragmatics is ill-defined and that semantics and pragmatics are in fact the same thing.<br><br>It is not unusual for scholars to debate back and forth between these two perspectives and argue that certain events are either semantics or pragmatics. For example some scholars believe that if an utterance has the literal truth-conditional meaning, it is semantics, whereas others believe that the fact that an utterance may be interpreted in various ways is a sign of pragmatics.<br><br>Other pragmatics researchers have adopted an alternative approach. They claim that the truth-conditional interpretation of a sentence is only one of many possible interpretations and that all interpretations are valid. This method is often called far-side pragmatics.<br><br>Recent research in pragmatics has tried to combine both approaches in an effort to comprehend the full range of possibilities of an utterance's interpretation by demonstrating how the speaker's beliefs and intentions contribute to the interpretation. For example, [https://cameradb.review/wiki/Why_All_The_Fuss_About_Pragmatic_Slot_Tips 프라그마틱 슬롯 환수율] Champollion et al. The 2019 version combines a Gricean model of the Rational Speech Act framework, with technological innovations created by Franke and Bergen. This model predicts that the listeners will consider a range of possible exhaustified parses of an utterance containing the universal FCI any, and that this is what makes the exclusivity implicature so strong when in comparison to other possible implicatures.
What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is a study of the relationship between context and language. It asks questions like: What do people really think when they use words?<br><br>It's a philosophy that is focused on sensible and practical actions. It's in opposition to idealism, the belief that you should always stick by your principles.<br><br>What is Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics is the way that language users interact and communicate with each and  [https://thesocialdelight.com/story3507555/the-reasons-why-pragmatic-free-trial-meta-is-the-most-wanted-item-in-2024 프라그마틱 슈가러쉬] with each other. It is typically thought of as a component of language however, it differs from semantics in that pragmatics looks at what the user is trying to convey, not what the actual meaning is.<br><br>As a field of study, pragmatics is relatively new and its research has been expanding rapidly over the past few decades. It is a linguistics academic field but it has also affected research in other areas like sociolinguistics, psychology and anthropology.<br><br>There are a variety of approaches to pragmatics that have contributed to the development and growth of this field. One example is the Gricean approach to pragmatics, which focuses on the notion of intention and how it relates to the speaker's understanding of the listener's. Other perspectives on pragmatics include lexical and conceptual approaches to pragmatics. These perspectives have contributed to the variety of subjects that researchers in pragmatics have studied.<br><br>The study of pragmatics has been focused on a broad range of topics, including L2 pragmatic comprehension and production of requests by EFL learners, and the role of theory of mind in physical and mental metaphors. It can also be applied to cultural and social phenomena, such as political discourse, discriminatory language, and interpersonal communication. Researchers in pragmatics have used a wide range of methodologies from experimental to sociocultural.<br><br>Figure 9A-C demonstrates that the size of the knowledge base for pragmatics differs according to the database used. The US and UK are two of the top contributors in the field of pragmatics research. However, their position varies depending on the database. This is because pragmatics is a multidisciplinary area that intersects other disciplines.<br><br>It is therefore difficult to determine the top pragmatics authors based on the number of publications they have published. It is possible to identify influential authors based on their contributions to pragmatics. For instance Bambini's contribution in pragmatics includes pioneering concepts such as conversational implicature and  [https://expressbookmark.com/story18079588/a-look-at-the-myths-and-facts-behind-pragmatic-slots-site 프라그마틱 이미지] politeness theory. Other authors who have been influential in pragmatics include Grice, Saul and Kasper.<br><br>What is Free Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics is more concerned with the contexts and language users than it is with truth or reference, or grammar. It examines how a single phrase can be interpreted differently in different contexts. This includes ambiguity as well as indexicality. It also focuses on the strategies used by listeners to determine whether utterances have a communicative intent. It is closely connected to the theory of conversative implicature which was first developed by Paul Grice.<br><br>While the distinction between pragmatics and semantics is a well-known, long-established one, there is a lot of debate regarding the exact boundaries of these fields. Some philosophers argue that the concept of sentence meaning is a component of semantics, while others claim that this type of problem should be considered pragmatic.<br><br>Another controversy concerns whether pragmatics is a branch of philosophy of languages or a part of the study of the study of linguistics. Some researchers have argued pragmatics is an independent discipline and should be considered a part of linguistics, along with phonology. syntax, semantics etc. Others have claimed that the study of pragmatics should be viewed as part of the philosophy of language because it focuses on the ways in which our concepts of the meanings and functions of language affect our theories of how languages function.<br><br>This debate has been fueled by a number of key questions that are essential to the study of pragmatics. For instance, some scholars have argued that pragmatics is not a subject in its own right because it studies the ways that people interpret and use language,  [https://bookmarkproduct.com/story18178344/14-savvy-ways-to-spend-leftover-pragmatic-site-budget 프라그마틱 슬롯 무료] without referring to any facts about what actually gets said. This type of approach is referred to as far-side pragmatics. Some scholars have argued that the subject is a discipline in its own right since it examines the manner in which the meaning and use of language is dependent on cultural and [https://pragmatickrcom68877.p2blogs.com/29202855/9-things-your-parents-taught-you-about-free-slot-pragmatic 프라그마틱 슬롯] social factors. This is called near-side pragmatics.<br><br>Other areas of discussion in pragmatics include the manner we think about the nature of utterance interpretation as an inferential process and the importance that primary pragmatic processes play in the determination of what is said by an individual speaker in a sentence. Recanati and Bach examine these issues in more depth. Both papers address the notions of saturation and free pragmatic enrichment. These are significant pragmatic processes in the sense that they aid in shaping the overall meaning of an utterance.<br><br>How is Free Pragmatics Different from Explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics focuses on how context affects linguistic meaning. It evaluates how human language is utilized in social interactions, as well as the relationship between the speaker and the interpreter. Linguists who specialize in pragmatics are referred to as pragmaticians.<br><br>Over the years, many different theories of pragmatism were developed. Some, like Gricean pragmatics, focus on the communicative intent of a speaker. Relevance Theory for instance, focuses on the processes of understanding that take place when listeners interpret the meaning of utterances. Some pragmatics theories are merged with other disciplines, including philosophy and cognitive science.<br><br>There are also different views on the borderline between semantics and pragmatics. Certain philosophers, such as Morris believes that semantics and pragmatics are two distinct subjects. He says that semantics deals with the relationship of signs to objects that they could or not denote, whereas pragmatics is concerned with the usage of the words in context.<br><br>Other philosophers, including Bach and Harnish have suggested that pragmatics is a field that is part of semantics. They distinguish between 'nearside' and 'far-side' pragmatics. Near-side pragmatics focuses on what is said, while far-side pragmatics is focused on the logical implications of saying something. They believe that semantics already determines certain aspects of the meaning of an utterance, while other pragmatics is determined by pragmatic processes.<br><br>The context is among the most important aspects of pragmatics. This means that the same phrase can have different meanings in different contexts, based on factors such as indexicality and ambiguity. Other things that can change the meaning of an utterance include discourse structure, speaker intentions and beliefs, and listener expectations.<br><br>Another aspect of pragmatics is that it is culturally specific. It is because every culture has its own rules about what is acceptable in various situations. In some cultures, it's acceptable to look at each other. In other cultures, it's rude.<br><br>There are numerous perspectives on pragmatics, and a lot of research is being conducted in this area. Some of the main areas of research include: formal and computational pragmatics as well as experimental and theoretical pragmatics; cross-linguistic and [https://tornadosocial.com/story3497945/why-incorporating-a-word-or-phrase-into-your-life-s-activities-will-make-all-the-difference 프라그마틱 슬롯체험] intercultural pragmatics; pragmatics in the clinical and experimental sense.<br><br>How does free Pragmatics compare to explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>The pragmatics discipline is concerned with how meaning is communicated through the language in a context. It examines how the speaker's intentions and beliefs contribute to interpretation, with less attention paid to grammatical features of the utterance than on what is said. Linguists who specialize in pragmatics are called pragmaticians. The subject of pragmatics is closely related to other linguistics areas, such as syntax, [https://pragmatic19864.blogzet.com/what-is-live-casino-heck-what-exactly-is-live-casino-44628931 프라그마틱 무료스핀] semantics and philosophy of language.<br><br>In recent years, the field of pragmatics evolved in a variety of directions. These include computational linguistics and conversational pragmatics. These areas are characterized by a broad range of research that addresses aspects like lexical features and the interplay between discourse, language, and meaning.<br><br>One of the most important questions in the philosophical discussion of pragmatics is whether or not it is possible to provide an exhaustive, systematic view of the semantics/pragmatics interface. Some philosophers have suggested it isn't (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have suggested that the distinction between pragmatics and semantics is ill-defined and that pragmatics and semantics are in fact the same thing.<br><br>It is not unusual for scholars to debate back and forth between these two views and argue that certain phenomena fall under either pragmatics or semantics. For example certain scholars argue that if an utterance has a literal truth-conditional meaning then it is semantics. On the other hand, others argue that the fact that an expression may be interpreted in various ways is pragmatics.<br><br>Other pragmatics researchers have taken an alternative approach. They claim that the truth-conditional interpretation of a statement is just one of many possible interpretations, and that they are all valid. This is sometimes described as "far-side pragmatics".<br><br>Recent work in pragmatics has tried to integrate semantic and distant side approaches. It attempts to capture the full range of interpretational possibilities that a speaker's speech can offer, by modeling the way in which the speaker's beliefs and intentions affect the interpretation. For example, Champollion et al. (2019) combine the Gricean game theory model of the Rational Speech Act framework with technological innovations from Franke and Bergen (2020). The model predicts that listeners will have to entertain a myriad of exhausted parses of a speech that is a part of the universal FCI Any, and this is the reason why the exclusivity implicature is so strong in comparison to other possible implications.

Latest revision as of 11:56, 20 January 2025

What is Pragmatics?

Pragmatics is a study of the relationship between context and language. It asks questions like: What do people really think when they use words?

It's a philosophy that is focused on sensible and practical actions. It's in opposition to idealism, the belief that you should always stick by your principles.

What is Pragmatics?

The study of pragmatics is the way that language users interact and communicate with each and 프라그마틱 슈가러쉬 with each other. It is typically thought of as a component of language however, it differs from semantics in that pragmatics looks at what the user is trying to convey, not what the actual meaning is.

As a field of study, pragmatics is relatively new and its research has been expanding rapidly over the past few decades. It is a linguistics academic field but it has also affected research in other areas like sociolinguistics, psychology and anthropology.

There are a variety of approaches to pragmatics that have contributed to the development and growth of this field. One example is the Gricean approach to pragmatics, which focuses on the notion of intention and how it relates to the speaker's understanding of the listener's. Other perspectives on pragmatics include lexical and conceptual approaches to pragmatics. These perspectives have contributed to the variety of subjects that researchers in pragmatics have studied.

The study of pragmatics has been focused on a broad range of topics, including L2 pragmatic comprehension and production of requests by EFL learners, and the role of theory of mind in physical and mental metaphors. It can also be applied to cultural and social phenomena, such as political discourse, discriminatory language, and interpersonal communication. Researchers in pragmatics have used a wide range of methodologies from experimental to sociocultural.

Figure 9A-C demonstrates that the size of the knowledge base for pragmatics differs according to the database used. The US and UK are two of the top contributors in the field of pragmatics research. However, their position varies depending on the database. This is because pragmatics is a multidisciplinary area that intersects other disciplines.

It is therefore difficult to determine the top pragmatics authors based on the number of publications they have published. It is possible to identify influential authors based on their contributions to pragmatics. For instance Bambini's contribution in pragmatics includes pioneering concepts such as conversational implicature and 프라그마틱 이미지 politeness theory. Other authors who have been influential in pragmatics include Grice, Saul and Kasper.

What is Free Pragmatics?

The study of pragmatics is more concerned with the contexts and language users than it is with truth or reference, or grammar. It examines how a single phrase can be interpreted differently in different contexts. This includes ambiguity as well as indexicality. It also focuses on the strategies used by listeners to determine whether utterances have a communicative intent. It is closely connected to the theory of conversative implicature which was first developed by Paul Grice.

While the distinction between pragmatics and semantics is a well-known, long-established one, there is a lot of debate regarding the exact boundaries of these fields. Some philosophers argue that the concept of sentence meaning is a component of semantics, while others claim that this type of problem should be considered pragmatic.

Another controversy concerns whether pragmatics is a branch of philosophy of languages or a part of the study of the study of linguistics. Some researchers have argued pragmatics is an independent discipline and should be considered a part of linguistics, along with phonology. syntax, semantics etc. Others have claimed that the study of pragmatics should be viewed as part of the philosophy of language because it focuses on the ways in which our concepts of the meanings and functions of language affect our theories of how languages function.

This debate has been fueled by a number of key questions that are essential to the study of pragmatics. For instance, some scholars have argued that pragmatics is not a subject in its own right because it studies the ways that people interpret and use language, 프라그마틱 슬롯 무료 without referring to any facts about what actually gets said. This type of approach is referred to as far-side pragmatics. Some scholars have argued that the subject is a discipline in its own right since it examines the manner in which the meaning and use of language is dependent on cultural and 프라그마틱 슬롯 social factors. This is called near-side pragmatics.

Other areas of discussion in pragmatics include the manner we think about the nature of utterance interpretation as an inferential process and the importance that primary pragmatic processes play in the determination of what is said by an individual speaker in a sentence. Recanati and Bach examine these issues in more depth. Both papers address the notions of saturation and free pragmatic enrichment. These are significant pragmatic processes in the sense that they aid in shaping the overall meaning of an utterance.

How is Free Pragmatics Different from Explanatory Pragmatics?

The study of pragmatics focuses on how context affects linguistic meaning. It evaluates how human language is utilized in social interactions, as well as the relationship between the speaker and the interpreter. Linguists who specialize in pragmatics are referred to as pragmaticians.

Over the years, many different theories of pragmatism were developed. Some, like Gricean pragmatics, focus on the communicative intent of a speaker. Relevance Theory for instance, focuses on the processes of understanding that take place when listeners interpret the meaning of utterances. Some pragmatics theories are merged with other disciplines, including philosophy and cognitive science.

There are also different views on the borderline between semantics and pragmatics. Certain philosophers, such as Morris believes that semantics and pragmatics are two distinct subjects. He says that semantics deals with the relationship of signs to objects that they could or not denote, whereas pragmatics is concerned with the usage of the words in context.

Other philosophers, including Bach and Harnish have suggested that pragmatics is a field that is part of semantics. They distinguish between 'nearside' and 'far-side' pragmatics. Near-side pragmatics focuses on what is said, while far-side pragmatics is focused on the logical implications of saying something. They believe that semantics already determines certain aspects of the meaning of an utterance, while other pragmatics is determined by pragmatic processes.

The context is among the most important aspects of pragmatics. This means that the same phrase can have different meanings in different contexts, based on factors such as indexicality and ambiguity. Other things that can change the meaning of an utterance include discourse structure, speaker intentions and beliefs, and listener expectations.

Another aspect of pragmatics is that it is culturally specific. It is because every culture has its own rules about what is acceptable in various situations. In some cultures, it's acceptable to look at each other. In other cultures, it's rude.

There are numerous perspectives on pragmatics, and a lot of research is being conducted in this area. Some of the main areas of research include: formal and computational pragmatics as well as experimental and theoretical pragmatics; cross-linguistic and 프라그마틱 슬롯체험 intercultural pragmatics; pragmatics in the clinical and experimental sense.

How does free Pragmatics compare to explanatory Pragmatics?

The pragmatics discipline is concerned with how meaning is communicated through the language in a context. It examines how the speaker's intentions and beliefs contribute to interpretation, with less attention paid to grammatical features of the utterance than on what is said. Linguists who specialize in pragmatics are called pragmaticians. The subject of pragmatics is closely related to other linguistics areas, such as syntax, 프라그마틱 무료스핀 semantics and philosophy of language.

In recent years, the field of pragmatics evolved in a variety of directions. These include computational linguistics and conversational pragmatics. These areas are characterized by a broad range of research that addresses aspects like lexical features and the interplay between discourse, language, and meaning.

One of the most important questions in the philosophical discussion of pragmatics is whether or not it is possible to provide an exhaustive, systematic view of the semantics/pragmatics interface. Some philosophers have suggested it isn't (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have suggested that the distinction between pragmatics and semantics is ill-defined and that pragmatics and semantics are in fact the same thing.

It is not unusual for scholars to debate back and forth between these two views and argue that certain phenomena fall under either pragmatics or semantics. For example certain scholars argue that if an utterance has a literal truth-conditional meaning then it is semantics. On the other hand, others argue that the fact that an expression may be interpreted in various ways is pragmatics.

Other pragmatics researchers have taken an alternative approach. They claim that the truth-conditional interpretation of a statement is just one of many possible interpretations, and that they are all valid. This is sometimes described as "far-side pragmatics".

Recent work in pragmatics has tried to integrate semantic and distant side approaches. It attempts to capture the full range of interpretational possibilities that a speaker's speech can offer, by modeling the way in which the speaker's beliefs and intentions affect the interpretation. For example, Champollion et al. (2019) combine the Gricean game theory model of the Rational Speech Act framework with technological innovations from Franke and Bergen (2020). The model predicts that listeners will have to entertain a myriad of exhausted parses of a speech that is a part of the universal FCI Any, and this is the reason why the exclusivity implicature is so strong in comparison to other possible implications.