10 Inspiring Images About Diagnosis Of ADHD: Difference between revisions

From VSt Wiki
(Created page with "Getting a Diagnosis of ADHD in Adults<br><br>There are adults who may not be aware of ADHD symptoms. A diagnosis as an adult could open up treatment options.<br><br>To be diagnosed with ADHD, you must have at least five persistent symptoms of inattention or hyperactivity-impulsivity. These symptoms must be a major hindrance with daily functioning at work, home and socially. Talk therapy can improve communication and problem solving skills. Counseling for families and mar...")
 
mNo edit summary
Line 1: Line 1:
Getting a Diagnosis of ADHD in Adults<br><br>There are adults who may not be aware of ADHD symptoms. A diagnosis as an adult could open up treatment options.<br><br>To be diagnosed with ADHD, you must have at least five persistent symptoms of inattention or hyperactivity-impulsivity. These symptoms must be a major hindrance with daily functioning at work, home and socially. Talk therapy can improve communication and problem solving skills. Counseling for families and marriage can also be beneficial.<br><br>Symptoms<br><br>If you're struggling with the symptoms of ADHD, it may seem like you're failing to live up to your potential. You may be overwhelmed as an adult due to the responsibilities you have to fulfill. You may be working full-time as a caregiver for children or an aging parent, and trying to manage household chores and finances.<br><br>Your inability to keep up with the pace can cause embarrassment, anger, hopelessness and the loss of confidence. If you have ADHD it's not your fault. It's important to realize that there are solutions to your issues. The first step is to make a diagnosis.<br><br>A thorough psychiatric assessment can be performed by a medical professional to diagnose ADHD in adults. This includes talking with you about symptoms, requiring you fill out standardized behavioral ratings scales and ADHD symptoms lists, and gathering information on your mental and medical history. The doctor may inquire about the background of ADHD in your family.<br><br>To qualify for a diagnosis of ADHD, you must have experienced at least five persistent symptoms of inattention and/or hyperactivity/impulsivity. These symptoms must have been present before the age of 12 and continue to interfere with your daily life. You should also be struggling with these behaviors in two or more situations, like at work, school, and in your social relationships.<br><br>If your inattention is a significant problem, you might skip appointments, make careless mistakes at work or at home, and fail to follow through on your obligations. You might have difficulty managing your finances and health and may have a hard time with simple tasks, like taking medication, or visiting the doctor for checkups.<br><br>People who suffer from ADHD are prone to making difficult situations more difficult by acting before they think. You might interrupt conversations, answer questions before others are done or struggle to wait in line. Your impulsiveness could lead to risky behaviors, such as driving too quickly or spending money in a reckless manner.<br><br>According to research, genetics and environment are key factors in the development of ADHD. The symptoms tend to run in families and some researchers believe that problems with the central nervous system at key developmental points increase the chances of developing this disorder.<br><br>Diagnosis<br><br>A health professional with a specialization in ADHD can help those who are suffering from symptoms of the disorder. A typical assessment includes an interview as well as reviewing medical records, school or workplace records, family medical histories, and a mental screening. A trained professional may also conduct a physical exam and/or lab tests to determine if there are other conditions that share similar symptoms. For an adult or adolescent to be diagnosed with ADHD, symptoms must be present for at least six months and cause significant impairment to everyday life activities.<br><br>Undiagnosed or not treated ADHD can cause chronic problems which could have been prevented or treated. This can lead to depression, family issues financial or work-related stress, substance abuse and even serious accidents, such as motor vehicle crashes.<br><br>Many adults with undiagnosed ADHD are at risk of being misunderstood and criticized by family members, friends and coworkers. They may be perceived as a lazy, irresponsible person or a poor employee, or simply crazy. Undiagnosed ADHD can also increase the likelihood of depression and anxiety.<br><br>Women are better at hiding ADHD symptoms than men. This makes it more difficult for them to receive the correct diagnosis. They may resort to strategies to hide their inattentiveness or impulsivity, such as the frequent distractions and daydreaming or rely on devices to make up for their lack of organization and ineffective time management. Women who suffer from ADHD may also have difficulty in recognizing their symptoms, since they are more likely than men to exhibit inattentive or hyperactive symptoms.<br><br>It's important to remember that ADHD isn't a metric of intelligence or ability. It's just a different way to think and behave that may cause difficulties in certain situations.<br><br>In adults, it can be difficult to determine ADHD because the signs may have changed as they developed. Adults who suffer from ADHD still fit the criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5) of the American Psychiatric Association.<br><br>Treatment<br><br>People with undiagnosed ADHD might struggle to stay organized, keep track of school or work tasks and maintain healthy relationships. Symptoms also can interfere with daily functioning and cause emotional issues like depression, anxiety, or mood swings. People who are impulsive or hyperactive may appear restless, and may attempt to do many things simultaneously. They may fail to complete tasks or meet deadlines. They may not pay attention to others, which could cause confusion or problems with relationships.<br><br>The symptoms of the disorder usually go unrecognized in the early years, and a lot of adults who have them aren't aware of ADHD. Instead of struggling to keep pace in school and everyday life they might be viewed as either a dreamer or a slacker. As the demands of adulthood increase However, many people who suffer from ADHD find their symptoms grow worse. They're unable [https://kingranks.com/author/airwound4-913805/ how to get an adhd diagnosis as an adult] handle all the balls they're trying keep in the air--pursuing an occupation, caring for family members, keeping up with chores and household chores, and working on social and romantic relationships.<br><br>A mental health specialist or health care professional will determine if someone has ADHD. The evaluation usually includes discussions with relatives or friends who know the person well and a physical examination, and a review of a person's medical and psychiatric history. The patient could be asked to fill out standard ADHD ratings scales or a list of symptoms. Psychological testing can be used to assess working memory, executive function as well as spatial and visual skills.<br><br>Adults suffering from ADHD are usually treated with stimulant drugs. These medications balance and boost levels of brain chemicals known as neurotransmitters. They can help people suffering from ADHD concentrate better, organize their lives and remember important information. They also help control impulse-driven behaviors. Other treatments for [https://bridges-andreassen.technetbloggers.de/how-to-get-an-adhd-diagnosis-uk-tips-from-the-most-effective-in-the-business/ how adhd is diagnosed in adults] include non-stimulant drugs such as atomoxetine and antidepressants, which work slowly than stimulants, but they can help improve the symptoms of ADHD. People who have particular health issues such as diabetes or high blood pressure must consult with their doctor prior to taking stimulants.<br><br>Some adults with ADHD might benefit from individual therapy, self-help groups or vocational counseling. These interventions can teach adults [http://appdev.163.ca/dz163/home.php?mod=space&uid=6933949 how do i get diagnosed with add] to manage their symptoms, and [https://www.northwestu.edu/?URL=http://yogicentral.science/index.php?title=chandlerpalm8400 how do you get a diagnosis for adhd] to establish healthy school, family and workplace relationships. Clinical trials will also be conducted with some adults who suffer from ADHD. These studies help scientists learn more about new ways to diagnose, treat and prevent disorders like ADHD.<br><br>Follow-up<br><br>A thorough evaluation of ADHD for adults using various assessment inventories will improve diagnostic accuracy and reduce misdiagnosis. A psychologist or psychiatrist who has expertise in treating ADHD in adults typically conducts an extended interview. The evaluator will also ask you about your your child’s past health problems as well as family dynamics and lifestyle choices. The evaluator might also look over your medical records and perform an examination of your physical.<br><br>Many people with ADHD also suffer from other psychiatric disorders or medical conditions, such anxiety and depression, that need to be treated. It is it worth getting an adhd diagnosis ([https://wifidb.science/wiki/10_Things_We_All_Hate_About_How_To_Diagnosis_ADHD mouse click on Wifidb]) estimated that people who suffer from ADHD are six times more likely to be suffering from mood disorders. People with ADHD also are at a higher risk of substance abuse.<br><br>Adults with ADHD often find it difficult to find and keep jobs. They also have difficulty managing finances and keeping up with household chores. Adults with ADHD are at a higher risk of developing other health problems, including heart disease, obesity and smoking. Additionally they are more likely to suffer from poor eating habits and are more likely to have difficulty forming and maintaining romantic relationships.<br><br>In one study, adults who were diagnosed with ADHD after being treated in minor mental health services as children. However, the sample size was small. An expansion of the sample would provide more information about the pathology of ADHD in adulthood and its relationship to other psychiatric disorders.<br><br>Research has proven ADHD to be a long-lasting and persistent problem for adults. It can have a negative impact on quality of living and may lead to other health issues like mood disorders, learning disabilities, addiction to alcohol and other drugs. Untreated ADHD increases the risk of incarceration, divorce and a lower social economic status for those with ADHD.<br><br>All adults who have uncontrolled ADHD symptoms or an initial ADHD diagnosis should be examined within 30 to 60 days, then every month until symptoms are under control. Adults suffering from ADHD may require receiving psychotherapy or medication for the rest of their lives.
Getting a Diagnosis of ADHD in Adults<br><br>There are adults who may not be aware of ADHD symptoms. A diagnosis as an [https://ask.xn--mgbg7b3bdcu.net/user/ratecocoa0 adult diagnosis for adhd] may provide treatment options.<br><br>To be diagnosed with ADHD, you must have at least five persistent symptoms of inattention or hyperactivity-impulsivity. These symptoms must significantly interfere with your daily activities at work, home and socially. Talk therapy can help improve the ability to communicate and problem-solve. Counseling for families and marriage can be beneficial.<br><br>Signs and symptoms<br><br>It could be that you feel that you're not performing to your full potential when you suffer from ADHD symptoms. As an adult, you might be overwhelmed by the demands of your job and feel like you're unable to take on the numerous tasks ahead of you. You might be working full-time or caring for elderly parents or children, or managing household chores.<br><br>Your difficulty keeping up can lead to embarrassment, frustration despair and a loss of confidence. If you have ADHD It's not your fault. It's important to realize that there are solutions to overcome your difficulties. The first step is a diagnosis.<br><br>A medical professional can detect ADHD in adults by conducting an extensive psychiatric examination. This includes talking with you about symptoms, requiring you complete standardized behavior rating scales and ADHD list of symptoms and obtaining details on your medical and mental health background. The provider may also inquire about your family history of ADHD.<br><br>To qualify for a diagnosis of ADHD, you must have experienced at least five persistent symptoms of inattention and/or hyperactivity/impulsivity. These symptoms must have been present prior to age 12 and continue to interfere with your daily life. You must also have difficulty with these behaviors in two or more environments, including at work, school and in your social interactions.<br><br>If your inattention is a serious problem, you might skip appointments, make careless mistakes at work or at home, and fail to follow through on your obligations. You may have difficulty managing your health and finances, and you might also experience difficulty with simple tasks like remembering to visit the doctor or taking your medication.<br><br>In people with ADHD, the tendency to act before thinking can make difficult situations more difficult. You might disrupt conversations with others and spit out answers to questions before you're completed, or struggle to wait your turn in line. Your impulsiveness could lead to reckless actions, like driving too quickly or spending money in a reckless manner.<br><br>Studies suggest that genetics and environmental factors play an important role in the development of ADHD. The symptoms of ADHD are likely to be inherited from the family, and some researchers believe that problems with your central nervous system during critical developmental stages increase your risk.<br><br>Diagnosis<br><br>A health specialist who specializes in ADHD can assist in evaluating adults who exhibit symptoms of the disorder. A typical assessment includes an interview and an examination of medical records, workplace or school records, family medical histories, and a mental assessment. A specialist may also conduct a physical examination and/or laboratory tests to rule out other conditions that have similar symptoms. A diagnosis of ADHD is only given to an adult or adolescent when symptoms have been present for six months or more and are causing significant impairments in daily life.<br><br>People who aren't diagnosed or treated for ADHD might struggle throughout their lives with persistent issues that could have been avoided or treated. This can lead depression, family issues financial stress, work-related stress, addiction to drugs and even serious accidents such as motor vehicle crashes.<br><br>Many people who are not diagnosed with [https://maps.google.com.lb/url?q=https://k12.instructure.com/eportfolios/793952/Home/Five_Things_You_Dont_Know_About_ADHD_Diagnosis_In_Adults private adhd diagnosis glasgow] are at risk of being misunderstood and criticized by family members, friends and coworkers. They could be perceived by others as lazy, irresponsible or even a bad employee. In addition, people with undiagnosed ADHD are at greater risk for anxiety and depression.<br><br>Women tend to be better in hiding their ADHD symptoms than men, which can make it difficult for them to receive an accurate diagnosis. They may resort to strategies to disguise their inattention or impulsivity, like frequent distractions and daydreaming, or use tools to help them cope with their lack of organization and lack of time management skills. Women who suffer from ADHD may also have difficulty in recognizing their own symptoms since they are more likely to experience symptoms of inattention rather than hyperactivity or impulsivity.<br><br>It's important to keep in mind that ADHD is not a sign of intelligence. It's simply an alternative approach to thinking and acting that may cause problems in certain situations or settings.<br><br>For adults, it can be difficult to determine ADHD because the signs may have changed over time as they grew up. Adults who suffer from ADHD still meet the criteria set by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5) of the American Psychiatric Association.<br><br>Treatment<br><br>Undiagnosed ADHD can cause people to struggle to stay on track, complete their work or school assignments, and maintain healthy relationships with others. Symptoms also can interfere with everyday functioning and lead to mental issues such as depression, anxiety, or mood swings. Hyperactive or impulsive people might appear to be agitated and may attempt to do a variety of things simultaneously. They may fail to complete tasks or meet deadlines. They may not pay attention to others, which could cause confusion or relationship issues.<br><br>The symptoms of the disorder usually are not recognized until childhood, and many adults who have them do not know they have ADHD. Instead of struggling to keep up in school and everyday life, they may have been labeled either a dreamer or a slacker. As the demands of adulthood increase, however, many people who have ADHD experience their symptoms becoming worse. They can't manage all the balls at once - pursuing a career and caring for their family and juggling with errands and housework, and maintaining romantic and social relationships.<br><br>A health care provider or mental health professional will assess whether a person has ADHD. The evaluation involves a discussion with family members or friends who are familiar with the person, a physical examination, and a review a person's medical history. The person may be asked to fill out standardized ADHD ratings scales or a checklist of symptoms. Psychological tests can be used to assess executive and working memory as well as visual and spatial abilities.<br><br>Stimulant drugs are the most commonly used treatment for adults with ADHD. They balance and increase levels of brain chemicals, known as neurotransmitters. They can help people with ADHD to focus better and manage their lives, remember important information and tasks, and manage an impulsive behaviour. Nonstimulant medicines, such as antidepressants and atomoxetine can be used to treat ADHD. They perform slower than stimulants, but they can still help improve symptoms. Before taking stimulants, those who suffer from certain medical conditions such as diabetes or high blood pressure should consult their physician.<br><br>Some adults with adhd diagnosis in adults uk ([https://hikvisiondb.webcam/wiki/Newellstack5592 here are the findings]) will benefit from behavioral therapy, coaching, self-help groups or vocational counseling. These interventions can teach adults how to cope with their symptoms, and [https://xia.h5gamebbs.cndw.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=414195 how to get adhd diagnosis in adults] to establish healthy family, school and work relationships. Clinical trials will also be conducted with adults with ADHD. These studies allow scientists to learn more about how to treat, diagnose and prevent disorders such as ADHD.<br><br>Follow-up<br><br>A thorough evaluation of adult ADHD using various assessment inventories can help improve the accuracy of diagnosis and decrease the risk of misdiagnosis. A psychologist or psychiatrist who has expertise in treating ADHD in adults will often conduct an extended interview. The evaluation specialist may also inquire about the background of your child's or your own health problems, family dynamics and lifestyle choices. They may also review your medical records and perform a physical examination.<br><br>Many people with ADHD also have other psychiatric or medical conditions like anxiety and depression, which must be treated. It is estimated that people who suffer from ADHD are six-times more likely to experience mood disorders. People with ADHD also are at a higher risk of substance abuse.<br><br>Adults with ADHD often have a difficult time to secure and maintain jobs. They also have a difficult time managing their finances and keeping up with household chores. Adults with ADHD are at chance of developing other health problems, like heart disease, obesity and smoking. They are also more likely to develop poor eating habits and have trouble forming and maintaining relationships with their partners.<br><br>In one study, those who had ADHD who were treated in mental health services as young children continued to be [https://www.google.pl/url?q=https://canvas.instructure.com/eportfolios/3153539/Home/10_Factors_To_Know_Concerning_How_To_Diagnosis_ADHD_You_Didnt_Learn_At_School get diagnosed with adhd] with ADHD as they grew older. However, the sample size was very small. An expansion of the sample might provide more information about the pathology of ADHD in adulthood and its relationship to other psychiatric disorders.<br><br>Research has proven that ADHD is a persistent, persistent disorder in adults. It can have a negative impact on living quality and lead to other conditions like mood disorders, learning disabilities, as well as addiction to alcohol and other drugs. If left untreated, ADHD increases the chance of incarceration and divorce as well as a lower social economic status for those suffering from ADHD.<br><br>It is recommended that all adults who have a new diagnosis or uncontrolled symptoms of ADHD be evaluated within 30 days and monthly after that until the symptoms are under control. Adults who suffer from ADHD may need to continue receiving psychotherapy or pharmacotherapy for the rest their lives.

Revision as of 08:15, 10 November 2024

Getting a Diagnosis of ADHD in Adults

There are adults who may not be aware of ADHD symptoms. A diagnosis as an adult diagnosis for adhd may provide treatment options.

To be diagnosed with ADHD, you must have at least five persistent symptoms of inattention or hyperactivity-impulsivity. These symptoms must significantly interfere with your daily activities at work, home and socially. Talk therapy can help improve the ability to communicate and problem-solve. Counseling for families and marriage can be beneficial.

Signs and symptoms

It could be that you feel that you're not performing to your full potential when you suffer from ADHD symptoms. As an adult, you might be overwhelmed by the demands of your job and feel like you're unable to take on the numerous tasks ahead of you. You might be working full-time or caring for elderly parents or children, or managing household chores.

Your difficulty keeping up can lead to embarrassment, frustration despair and a loss of confidence. If you have ADHD It's not your fault. It's important to realize that there are solutions to overcome your difficulties. The first step is a diagnosis.

A medical professional can detect ADHD in adults by conducting an extensive psychiatric examination. This includes talking with you about symptoms, requiring you complete standardized behavior rating scales and ADHD list of symptoms and obtaining details on your medical and mental health background. The provider may also inquire about your family history of ADHD.

To qualify for a diagnosis of ADHD, you must have experienced at least five persistent symptoms of inattention and/or hyperactivity/impulsivity. These symptoms must have been present prior to age 12 and continue to interfere with your daily life. You must also have difficulty with these behaviors in two or more environments, including at work, school and in your social interactions.

If your inattention is a serious problem, you might skip appointments, make careless mistakes at work or at home, and fail to follow through on your obligations. You may have difficulty managing your health and finances, and you might also experience difficulty with simple tasks like remembering to visit the doctor or taking your medication.

In people with ADHD, the tendency to act before thinking can make difficult situations more difficult. You might disrupt conversations with others and spit out answers to questions before you're completed, or struggle to wait your turn in line. Your impulsiveness could lead to reckless actions, like driving too quickly or spending money in a reckless manner.

Studies suggest that genetics and environmental factors play an important role in the development of ADHD. The symptoms of ADHD are likely to be inherited from the family, and some researchers believe that problems with your central nervous system during critical developmental stages increase your risk.

Diagnosis

A health specialist who specializes in ADHD can assist in evaluating adults who exhibit symptoms of the disorder. A typical assessment includes an interview and an examination of medical records, workplace or school records, family medical histories, and a mental assessment. A specialist may also conduct a physical examination and/or laboratory tests to rule out other conditions that have similar symptoms. A diagnosis of ADHD is only given to an adult or adolescent when symptoms have been present for six months or more and are causing significant impairments in daily life.

People who aren't diagnosed or treated for ADHD might struggle throughout their lives with persistent issues that could have been avoided or treated. This can lead depression, family issues financial stress, work-related stress, addiction to drugs and even serious accidents such as motor vehicle crashes.

Many people who are not diagnosed with private adhd diagnosis glasgow are at risk of being misunderstood and criticized by family members, friends and coworkers. They could be perceived by others as lazy, irresponsible or even a bad employee. In addition, people with undiagnosed ADHD are at greater risk for anxiety and depression.

Women tend to be better in hiding their ADHD symptoms than men, which can make it difficult for them to receive an accurate diagnosis. They may resort to strategies to disguise their inattention or impulsivity, like frequent distractions and daydreaming, or use tools to help them cope with their lack of organization and lack of time management skills. Women who suffer from ADHD may also have difficulty in recognizing their own symptoms since they are more likely to experience symptoms of inattention rather than hyperactivity or impulsivity.

It's important to keep in mind that ADHD is not a sign of intelligence. It's simply an alternative approach to thinking and acting that may cause problems in certain situations or settings.

For adults, it can be difficult to determine ADHD because the signs may have changed over time as they grew up. Adults who suffer from ADHD still meet the criteria set by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5) of the American Psychiatric Association.

Treatment

Undiagnosed ADHD can cause people to struggle to stay on track, complete their work or school assignments, and maintain healthy relationships with others. Symptoms also can interfere with everyday functioning and lead to mental issues such as depression, anxiety, or mood swings. Hyperactive or impulsive people might appear to be agitated and may attempt to do a variety of things simultaneously. They may fail to complete tasks or meet deadlines. They may not pay attention to others, which could cause confusion or relationship issues.

The symptoms of the disorder usually are not recognized until childhood, and many adults who have them do not know they have ADHD. Instead of struggling to keep up in school and everyday life, they may have been labeled either a dreamer or a slacker. As the demands of adulthood increase, however, many people who have ADHD experience their symptoms becoming worse. They can't manage all the balls at once - pursuing a career and caring for their family and juggling with errands and housework, and maintaining romantic and social relationships.

A health care provider or mental health professional will assess whether a person has ADHD. The evaluation involves a discussion with family members or friends who are familiar with the person, a physical examination, and a review a person's medical history. The person may be asked to fill out standardized ADHD ratings scales or a checklist of symptoms. Psychological tests can be used to assess executive and working memory as well as visual and spatial abilities.

Stimulant drugs are the most commonly used treatment for adults with ADHD. They balance and increase levels of brain chemicals, known as neurotransmitters. They can help people with ADHD to focus better and manage their lives, remember important information and tasks, and manage an impulsive behaviour. Nonstimulant medicines, such as antidepressants and atomoxetine can be used to treat ADHD. They perform slower than stimulants, but they can still help improve symptoms. Before taking stimulants, those who suffer from certain medical conditions such as diabetes or high blood pressure should consult their physician.

Some adults with adhd diagnosis in adults uk (here are the findings) will benefit from behavioral therapy, coaching, self-help groups or vocational counseling. These interventions can teach adults how to cope with their symptoms, and how to get adhd diagnosis in adults to establish healthy family, school and work relationships. Clinical trials will also be conducted with adults with ADHD. These studies allow scientists to learn more about how to treat, diagnose and prevent disorders such as ADHD.

Follow-up

A thorough evaluation of adult ADHD using various assessment inventories can help improve the accuracy of diagnosis and decrease the risk of misdiagnosis. A psychologist or psychiatrist who has expertise in treating ADHD in adults will often conduct an extended interview. The evaluation specialist may also inquire about the background of your child's or your own health problems, family dynamics and lifestyle choices. They may also review your medical records and perform a physical examination.

Many people with ADHD also have other psychiatric or medical conditions like anxiety and depression, which must be treated. It is estimated that people who suffer from ADHD are six-times more likely to experience mood disorders. People with ADHD also are at a higher risk of substance abuse.

Adults with ADHD often have a difficult time to secure and maintain jobs. They also have a difficult time managing their finances and keeping up with household chores. Adults with ADHD are at chance of developing other health problems, like heart disease, obesity and smoking. They are also more likely to develop poor eating habits and have trouble forming and maintaining relationships with their partners.

In one study, those who had ADHD who were treated in mental health services as young children continued to be get diagnosed with adhd with ADHD as they grew older. However, the sample size was very small. An expansion of the sample might provide more information about the pathology of ADHD in adulthood and its relationship to other psychiatric disorders.

Research has proven that ADHD is a persistent, persistent disorder in adults. It can have a negative impact on living quality and lead to other conditions like mood disorders, learning disabilities, as well as addiction to alcohol and other drugs. If left untreated, ADHD increases the chance of incarceration and divorce as well as a lower social economic status for those suffering from ADHD.

It is recommended that all adults who have a new diagnosis or uncontrolled symptoms of ADHD be evaluated within 30 days and monthly after that until the symptoms are under control. Adults who suffer from ADHD may need to continue receiving psychotherapy or pharmacotherapy for the rest their lives.