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What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics studies the relationship between context and language. It poses questions such as What do people actually think when they use words?<br><br>It's a philosophy that is based on practical and reasonable action. It is in contrast to idealism which is the idea that one must adhere to their beliefs regardless of what.<br><br>What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of the ways that language users find meaning from and each one another. It is often viewed as a part of a language, but it is different from semantics in that it focuses on what the user is trying to communicate, not what the meaning is.<br><br>As a research field it is still young and its research has expanded quickly in the past few decades. It is a linguistics-related academic field, but it has also influenced research in other areas such as psychology, sociolinguistics, and Anthropology.<br><br>There are many different methods of pragmatics that have contributed to the development and growth of this field. One is the Gricean pragmatics approach, which is based primarily on the notions of intention and their interaction with the speaker's understanding of the listener's understanding. The lexical and concept strategies for pragmatics are also perspectives on the topic. These perspectives have contributed to the diversity of subjects that researchers in pragmatics have researched.<br><br>The research in pragmatics has been focused on a broad range of topics such as L2 pragmatic understanding as well as request production by EFL learners, [https://bookmarkstime.com/story18419419/why-you-ll-need-to-find-out-more-about-pragmatic 무료 프라그마틱] 슬롯 팁; [https://tripsbookmarks.com/story18126931/what-s-holding-back-this-pragmatic-official-website-industry Tripsbookmarks.Com], and the role of theory of mind in both mental and physical metaphors. It can also be applied to social and cultural phenomena, such as political discourse, discriminatory language, and interpersonal communication. Researchers studying pragmatics have employed various methods from experimental to sociocultural.<br><br>Figure 9A-C shows that the size of the knowledge base for pragmatics differs according to the database used. The US and the UK are two of the top performers in the field of pragmatics research. However, their rank varies depending on the database. This is because pragmatics is a multidisciplinary area that intersects other disciplines.<br><br>This makes it difficult to classify the top pragmatics authors according to the number of publications they have. However, it is possible to identify the most influential authors by examining their contributions to the field of pragmatics. For  라이브 카지노 - [https://bookmark-master.com/story18093247/the-top-pragmatic-free-trial-meta-gurus-do-three-things Https://Bookmark-Master.Com/] - example Bambini's contribution in pragmatics includes pioneering concepts such as conversational implicature, and politeness theory. Grice, Saul, and Kasper are also influential authors of pragmatics.<br><br>What is Free Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics concentrates on the users and contexts of language use instead of focusing on reference to truth, [https://onlybookmarkings.com/story18019584/buzzwords-de-buzzed-10-different-ways-to-deliver-pragmatic-official-website 프라그마틱 슬롯 사이트] 슈가러쉬 ([https://bookmarkingquest.com/story18018624/why-you-should-concentrate-on-improving-slot https://bookmarkingquest.com/story18018624/why-you-should-concentrate-on-improving-slot]) grammar, or. It studies the ways that an utterance can be interpreted as meaning various things depending on the context as well as those triggered by indexicality or ambiguity. It also focuses primarily on the strategies used by listeners to determine whether utterances have a communicative intent. It is closely connected to the theory of conversative implicature, which was developed by Paul Grice.<br><br>While the distinction between semantics and pragmatics is a well-known and established one There is a lot of debate about the precise boundaries of these fields. Some philosophers argue that the concept of sentence meaning is a part of semantics, whereas others claim that this type of problem should be treated as pragmatic.<br><br>Another area of controversy is whether the study of pragmatics should be regarded as to be a linguistics branch or an aspect of philosophy of language. Some researchers have suggested that pragmatics is an independent discipline and should be treated as part of linguistics alongside the study of phonology. Syntax, semantics, etc. Others have argued that the study of pragmatics is an aspect of philosophy since it examines how our ideas about the meaning and use of languages influence our theories about how languages function.<br><br>The debate has been fuelled by a number of key questions that are essential to the study of pragmatism. Some scholars have argued for instance, that pragmatics isn't a subject by itself because it studies how people perceive and use language without necessarily referring to the actual facts about what was said. This kind of approach is known as far-side pragmatics. Others, however, have argued that this study should be considered a discipline in its own right, since it examines the way the meaning and use of language is affected by cultural and social factors. This is known as near-side pragmatics.<br><br>Other topics of discussion in pragmatics are the ways in which we understand the nature of utterance interpretation as an inferential process, and the role that primary pragmatic processes play in the determining of what is being spoken by the speaker in a particular sentence. These are topics that are discussed a bit more extensively in the papers by Recanati and Bach. Both of these papers discuss the notions of saturation as well as free pragmatic enrichment, which are crucial pragmatic processes in that they aid in shaping the meaning of a statement.<br><br>What is the difference between free and explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of the role that context plays to the meaning of a language. It examines how language is used in social interaction, and the relationship between the speaker and the interpreter. Pragmaticians are linguists that focus in pragmatics.<br><br>A variety of theories of pragmatics have been developed over the years. Some, such as Gricean pragmatics focus on the communication intent of a speaker. Others, such as Relevance Theory concentrate on the understanding processes that occur during the interpretation of utterances by hearers. Certain practical approaches have been put with other disciplines, like philosophy or cognitive science.<br><br>There are different opinions about the line between pragmatics and semantics. Morris is one philosopher who believes that pragmatics and semantics are two different topics. He claims semantics concerns the relationship of signs to objects they may or may not denote whereas pragmatics is concerned with the use of words in a context.<br><br>Other philosophers like Bach and Harnish have claimed that pragmatism is a subfield within semantics. They define "near-side" and "far-side" pragmatics. Near-side pragmatics is focused on the words spoken, while far-side pragmatics is focused on the logical consequences of saying something. They claim that semantics already determines the logical implications of an utterance, while other pragmatics are determined by pragmatic processes.<br><br>The context is among the most important aspects in pragmatics. This means that the same word can mean different things in different contexts, based on things such as indexicality and ambiguity. Other things that can change the meaning of an expression are the structure of the speech, the speaker's intentions and beliefs, as well as listener expectations.<br><br>Another aspect of pragmatics is that it is culture-specific. This is because different cultures have their own rules about what is acceptable to say in different situations. For instance, it's acceptable in certain cultures to look at each other while it is rude in other cultures.<br><br>There are a variety of views of pragmatics, and lots of research is conducted in this field. There are a variety of areas of study, including computational and formal pragmatics theoretic and experimental pragmatics, intercultural and cross linguistic pragmatics and clinical and experimentative pragmatics.<br><br>How does Free Pragmatics compare to Explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>The pragmatics discipline is concerned with the way meaning is communicated through language in context. It evaluates the ways in which the speaker's intention and beliefs influence interpretation, and focuses less on grammatical features of the utterance instead of what is being said. Pragmaticians are linguists that focus on pragmatics. The topic of pragmatics has a connection to other areas of the study of linguistics, such as semantics and syntax or philosophy of language.<br><br>In recent years the field of pragmatics evolved in a variety of directions. This includes computational linguistics and conversational pragmatics. There is a variety of research in these areas, addressing topics such as the significance of lexical features and the interaction between discourse and language and the nature of the concept of meaning.<br><br>One of the most important issues in the philosophical discussion of pragmatics is whether it is possible to have an accurate, systematic understanding of the semantics/pragmatics interface. Some philosophers have suggested that it is not (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have argued the distinction between semantics and pragmatics isn't well-defined and that they are the identical.<br><br>The debate between these positions is usually a tussle and scholars arguing that certain events fall under the umbrella of either semantics or pragmatics. For instance, some scholars argue that if an expression has the literal truth-conditional meaning, it is semantics, while others believe that the fact that a statement may be interpreted in various ways is pragmatics.<br><br>Other researchers in pragmatics have taken a different view in arguing that the truth-conditional meaning of an expression is only one of many ways in which an utterance may be interpreted and that all interpretations are valid. This method is sometimes referred to as "far-side pragmatics".<br><br>Recent work in pragmatics has tried to integrate semantic and distant side methods. It attempts to represent the full range of interpretive possibilities that can be derived from a speaker's words by illustrating how the speaker's beliefs and intentions influence the interpretation. For example, Champollion et al. The 2019 version incorporates an inverse Gricean model of Rational Speech Act framework, and technological advances developed by Franke and Bergen. This model predicts listeners will have to entertain a myriad of exhausted parses of a utterance that contains the universal FCI Any, and that is the reason why the exclusiveness implicature is so reliable in comparison to other possible implications.
What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of the relationship between language, context and meaning. It addresses issues like What do people mean by the words they use?<br><br>It's a way of thinking that focuses on the practical and [https://images.google.co.il/url?q=https://enemark-torres.technetbloggers.de/the-most-hilarious-complaints-weve-seen-about-pragmatic-authenticity-verification 프라그마틱 슬롯] sensible actions. It is in contrast to idealism which is the idea that one must adhere to their beliefs regardless of what.<br><br>What is Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics focuses on how language users interact and communicate with each other. It is often seen as a part of a language, [https://www.google.co.cr/url?q=https://digitaltibetan.win/wiki/Post:Pragmatic_Slot_Manipulation_Tips_From_The_Best_In_The_Business 프라그마틱 무료 슬롯버프] 무료스핀 ([https://ugzhnkchr.ru/user/smashsearch0/ ugzhnkchr.ru explains]) but it is different from semantics since it concentrates on what the user is trying to convey and not what the actual meaning is.<br><br>As a research area the field of pragmatics is relatively new and research in the area has grown rapidly over the past few decades. It is primarily an academic area of study within linguistics, however it also has an impact on research in other fields like speech-language pathology, psychology, sociolinguistics, and the study of anthropology.<br><br>There are a variety of perspectives on pragmatics, and they have contributed to its growth and development. For example, one perspective is the Gricean approach to pragmatics which focuses on the notion of intention and how it interacts with the speaker's knowledge of the listener's understanding. Conceptual and lexical perspectives on pragmatics are also views on the topic. These views have contributed to the diversity of subjects that pragmatics researchers have researched.<br><br>The study of pragmatics has been focused on a wide range of subjects that include L2 pragmatic comprehension and request production by EFL learners, and the role of the theory of mind in physical and mental metaphors. It can also be applied to social and cultural phenomena, such as political discourse, discriminatory language and interpersonal communication. Researchers studying pragmatics have employed diverse methodologies from experimental to sociocultural.<br><br>Figure 9A-C shows that the size of the knowledge base for pragmatics varies depending on the database utilized. The US and the UK are among the top researchers in pragmatics research, yet their ranking varies by database. This is due to the fact that pragmatics is multidisciplinary and intersects with other disciplines.<br><br>It is therefore difficult to rank the top authors in pragmatics solely according to the quantity of their publications. It is possible to determine influential authors by looking at their contributions to the field of pragmatics. Bambini for instance, has contributed to pragmatics through concepts like politeness and conversational implicititure theories. Grice, Saul, and Kasper are also highly influential authors of pragmatics.<br><br>What is Free Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics is focused on the users and contexts of language usage, rather than on reference to truth, grammar, or. It focuses on how a single utterance may be understood differently in different contexts. This includes ambiguity and indexicality. It also focuses on strategies that listeners employ to determine if phrases are intended to be a communication. It is closely related to the theory of conversative implicature, which was pioneered by Paul Grice.<br><br>The boundaries between these two disciplines are a matter of debate. While the distinction between these two disciplines is well-known, it is not always clear where the lines should be drawn. Some philosophers argue that the concept of sentence meaning is a component of semantics, whereas others claim that this type of issue should be viewed as pragmatic.<br><br>Another issue that has been a source of contention is whether the study of pragmatics should be considered an linguistics-related branch or as a component of philosophy of language. Some researchers have argued pragmatics is an independent discipline and should be treated as part of linguistics, along with phonology. Syntax, semantics, etc. Others, however have argued the study of pragmatics is an aspect of philosophy because it examines the way in which our beliefs about meaning and uses of languages influence our theories of how languages function.<br><br>There are a few major issues that arise in the study of pragmatics that have been the source of many of the debates. For instance, some scholars have suggested that pragmatics isn't a discipline in and of itself since it studies the ways that people interpret and use language without necessarily referring to any facts regarding what is actually being said. This kind of approach is known as far-side pragmatics. Some scholars have argued that the subject should be considered a discipline in its own right since it examines the ways the meaning and usage of language is influenced by social and cultural factors. This is called near-side pragmatics.<br><br>Other topics of discussion in pragmatics include the way we perceive the nature of the utterance interpretation process as an inferential process, and the role that primary pragmatic processes play in the determination of what is being spoken by the speaker in a particular sentence. Recanati and Bach discuss these issues in greater detail. Both papers address the notions of saturation and free pragmatic enrichment. Both are important pragmatic processes in the sense that they aid in shaping the meaning of an utterance.<br><br>How is Free Pragmatics Different from Explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of how context contributes to linguistic meaning. It examines how language is utilized in social interactions, and the relationship between the speaker and the interpreter. Pragmaticians are linguists who focus on pragmatics.<br><br>Over the years, many different theories of pragmatism have been developed. Some, such as Gricean pragmatics, concentrate on the intention of communication of a speaker. Others, such as Relevance Theory concentrate on the processes of understanding that occur during the interpretation of utterances by listeners. Certain pragmatic approaches have been incorporated together with other disciplines such as philosophy or cognitive science.<br><br>There are also divergent views on the borderline of semantics and pragmatics. Some philosophers, such as Morris, believe that pragmatics and semantics are two distinct topics. He claims semantics is concerned with the relationship between signs and objects that they might or may not represent, while pragmatics is concerned with the use of words in context.<br><br>Other philosophers, such as Bach and Harnish have suggested that pragmatism is an subfield of semantics. They differentiate between 'near-side and far-side' pragmatics. Near-side pragmatics is focused on the words spoken, whereas far-side pragmatics concentrates on the logical consequences of saying something. They argue that some of the 'pragmatics' that accompany an expression are already determined by semantics, while the rest is defined by the processes of inference.<br><br>The context is among the most important aspects of pragmatics. This means that the same phrase could have different meanings in different contexts, depending on things such as ambiguity and indexicality. Discourse structure, beliefs of the speaker and intentions, and expectations of the listener can alter the meaning of a phrase.<br><br>Another aspect of pragmatics is that it is culturally specific. This is because different cultures have their own rules about what is appropriate to say in various situations. In certain cultures, it's polite to look at each other. In other cultures, it's considered rude.<br><br>There are many different perspectives of pragmatics, and lots of research is conducted in this field. There are a variety of areas of research, including pragmatics that are computational and formal as well as experimental and theoretical pragmatics, intercultural and cross pragmatics of language, as well as pragmatics that are experimental and clinical.<br><br>What is the relationship between free Pragmatics and to explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>The discipline of pragmatics, a linguistic field, is concerned with the way meaning is conveyed by language use in context. It examines the ways in which the speaker's intention and beliefs contribute to interpretation, and focuses less on the grammatical aspects of the speech rather than what is said. Pragmaticians are linguists who focus on pragmatics. The topic of pragmatics is closely related to other linguistics areas, such as syntax, semantics and philosophy of language.<br><br>In recent times the field of pragmatics expanded in many directions. These include conversational pragmatics and computational linguistics. There is a variety of research that is conducted in these areas, with a focus on topics like the importance of lexical elements, the interaction between discourse and language, and [https://theflatearth.win/wiki/Post:The_Leading_Reasons_Why_People_Are_Successful_On_The_Pragmatic_Slots_Experience_Industry 프라그마틱 이미지] the nature of meaning itself.<br><br>One of the most important questions in the philosophical discussion of pragmatics is whether it is possible to have a rigorous, systematic account of the pragmatics/semantics interface. Some philosophers have suggested that it's not (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have claimed that the distinction between semantics and pragmatics is unclear and that pragmatics and semantics are in fact the identical.<br><br>It is not uncommon for scholars to go between these two perspectives, arguing that certain phenomena are either pragmatics or semantics. Some scholars argue that if a statement has an actual truth conditional meaning, it's semantics. Others contend that the fact that a statement could be read differently is a sign of pragmatics.<br><br>Other pragmatics researchers have taken an alternative approach. They claim that the truth-conditional interpretation of a sentence is just one of many possible interpretations, and that they are all valid. This method is sometimes called "far-side pragmatics".<br><br>Some recent work in pragmatics has attempted to integrate both approaches trying to understand the full range of possibilities for interpretation of a utterance by describing how a speaker's intentions and beliefs influence the interpretation. For example, Champollion et al. (2019) combine a Gricean game-theoretic model of the Rational Speech Act framework with technical innovations from Franke and Bergen (2020). The model predicts that listeners will entertain many possible exhausted parses of a speech utterance that includes the universal FCI Any, and that is the reason why the exclusivity implicature is so strong in comparison to other possible implications.

Revision as of 13:48, 23 November 2024

What is Pragmatics?

Pragmatics is the study of the relationship between language, context and meaning. It addresses issues like What do people mean by the words they use?

It's a way of thinking that focuses on the practical and 프라그마틱 슬롯 sensible actions. It is in contrast to idealism which is the idea that one must adhere to their beliefs regardless of what.

What is Pragmatics?

The study of pragmatics focuses on how language users interact and communicate with each other. It is often seen as a part of a language, 프라그마틱 무료 슬롯버프 무료스핀 (ugzhnkchr.ru explains) but it is different from semantics since it concentrates on what the user is trying to convey and not what the actual meaning is.

As a research area the field of pragmatics is relatively new and research in the area has grown rapidly over the past few decades. It is primarily an academic area of study within linguistics, however it also has an impact on research in other fields like speech-language pathology, psychology, sociolinguistics, and the study of anthropology.

There are a variety of perspectives on pragmatics, and they have contributed to its growth and development. For example, one perspective is the Gricean approach to pragmatics which focuses on the notion of intention and how it interacts with the speaker's knowledge of the listener's understanding. Conceptual and lexical perspectives on pragmatics are also views on the topic. These views have contributed to the diversity of subjects that pragmatics researchers have researched.

The study of pragmatics has been focused on a wide range of subjects that include L2 pragmatic comprehension and request production by EFL learners, and the role of the theory of mind in physical and mental metaphors. It can also be applied to social and cultural phenomena, such as political discourse, discriminatory language and interpersonal communication. Researchers studying pragmatics have employed diverse methodologies from experimental to sociocultural.

Figure 9A-C shows that the size of the knowledge base for pragmatics varies depending on the database utilized. The US and the UK are among the top researchers in pragmatics research, yet their ranking varies by database. This is due to the fact that pragmatics is multidisciplinary and intersects with other disciplines.

It is therefore difficult to rank the top authors in pragmatics solely according to the quantity of their publications. It is possible to determine influential authors by looking at their contributions to the field of pragmatics. Bambini for instance, has contributed to pragmatics through concepts like politeness and conversational implicititure theories. Grice, Saul, and Kasper are also highly influential authors of pragmatics.

What is Free Pragmatics?

The study of pragmatics is focused on the users and contexts of language usage, rather than on reference to truth, grammar, or. It focuses on how a single utterance may be understood differently in different contexts. This includes ambiguity and indexicality. It also focuses on strategies that listeners employ to determine if phrases are intended to be a communication. It is closely related to the theory of conversative implicature, which was pioneered by Paul Grice.

The boundaries between these two disciplines are a matter of debate. While the distinction between these two disciplines is well-known, it is not always clear where the lines should be drawn. Some philosophers argue that the concept of sentence meaning is a component of semantics, whereas others claim that this type of issue should be viewed as pragmatic.

Another issue that has been a source of contention is whether the study of pragmatics should be considered an linguistics-related branch or as a component of philosophy of language. Some researchers have argued pragmatics is an independent discipline and should be treated as part of linguistics, along with phonology. Syntax, semantics, etc. Others, however have argued the study of pragmatics is an aspect of philosophy because it examines the way in which our beliefs about meaning and uses of languages influence our theories of how languages function.

There are a few major issues that arise in the study of pragmatics that have been the source of many of the debates. For instance, some scholars have suggested that pragmatics isn't a discipline in and of itself since it studies the ways that people interpret and use language without necessarily referring to any facts regarding what is actually being said. This kind of approach is known as far-side pragmatics. Some scholars have argued that the subject should be considered a discipline in its own right since it examines the ways the meaning and usage of language is influenced by social and cultural factors. This is called near-side pragmatics.

Other topics of discussion in pragmatics include the way we perceive the nature of the utterance interpretation process as an inferential process, and the role that primary pragmatic processes play in the determination of what is being spoken by the speaker in a particular sentence. Recanati and Bach discuss these issues in greater detail. Both papers address the notions of saturation and free pragmatic enrichment. Both are important pragmatic processes in the sense that they aid in shaping the meaning of an utterance.

How is Free Pragmatics Different from Explanatory Pragmatics?

Pragmatics is the study of how context contributes to linguistic meaning. It examines how language is utilized in social interactions, and the relationship between the speaker and the interpreter. Pragmaticians are linguists who focus on pragmatics.

Over the years, many different theories of pragmatism have been developed. Some, such as Gricean pragmatics, concentrate on the intention of communication of a speaker. Others, such as Relevance Theory concentrate on the processes of understanding that occur during the interpretation of utterances by listeners. Certain pragmatic approaches have been incorporated together with other disciplines such as philosophy or cognitive science.

There are also divergent views on the borderline of semantics and pragmatics. Some philosophers, such as Morris, believe that pragmatics and semantics are two distinct topics. He claims semantics is concerned with the relationship between signs and objects that they might or may not represent, while pragmatics is concerned with the use of words in context.

Other philosophers, such as Bach and Harnish have suggested that pragmatism is an subfield of semantics. They differentiate between 'near-side and far-side' pragmatics. Near-side pragmatics is focused on the words spoken, whereas far-side pragmatics concentrates on the logical consequences of saying something. They argue that some of the 'pragmatics' that accompany an expression are already determined by semantics, while the rest is defined by the processes of inference.

The context is among the most important aspects of pragmatics. This means that the same phrase could have different meanings in different contexts, depending on things such as ambiguity and indexicality. Discourse structure, beliefs of the speaker and intentions, and expectations of the listener can alter the meaning of a phrase.

Another aspect of pragmatics is that it is culturally specific. This is because different cultures have their own rules about what is appropriate to say in various situations. In certain cultures, it's polite to look at each other. In other cultures, it's considered rude.

There are many different perspectives of pragmatics, and lots of research is conducted in this field. There are a variety of areas of research, including pragmatics that are computational and formal as well as experimental and theoretical pragmatics, intercultural and cross pragmatics of language, as well as pragmatics that are experimental and clinical.

What is the relationship between free Pragmatics and to explanatory Pragmatics?

The discipline of pragmatics, a linguistic field, is concerned with the way meaning is conveyed by language use in context. It examines the ways in which the speaker's intention and beliefs contribute to interpretation, and focuses less on the grammatical aspects of the speech rather than what is said. Pragmaticians are linguists who focus on pragmatics. The topic of pragmatics is closely related to other linguistics areas, such as syntax, semantics and philosophy of language.

In recent times the field of pragmatics expanded in many directions. These include conversational pragmatics and computational linguistics. There is a variety of research that is conducted in these areas, with a focus on topics like the importance of lexical elements, the interaction between discourse and language, and 프라그마틱 이미지 the nature of meaning itself.

One of the most important questions in the philosophical discussion of pragmatics is whether it is possible to have a rigorous, systematic account of the pragmatics/semantics interface. Some philosophers have suggested that it's not (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have claimed that the distinction between semantics and pragmatics is unclear and that pragmatics and semantics are in fact the identical.

It is not uncommon for scholars to go between these two perspectives, arguing that certain phenomena are either pragmatics or semantics. Some scholars argue that if a statement has an actual truth conditional meaning, it's semantics. Others contend that the fact that a statement could be read differently is a sign of pragmatics.

Other pragmatics researchers have taken an alternative approach. They claim that the truth-conditional interpretation of a sentence is just one of many possible interpretations, and that they are all valid. This method is sometimes called "far-side pragmatics".

Some recent work in pragmatics has attempted to integrate both approaches trying to understand the full range of possibilities for interpretation of a utterance by describing how a speaker's intentions and beliefs influence the interpretation. For example, Champollion et al. (2019) combine a Gricean game-theoretic model of the Rational Speech Act framework with technical innovations from Franke and Bergen (2020). The model predicts that listeners will entertain many possible exhausted parses of a speech utterance that includes the universal FCI Any, and that is the reason why the exclusivity implicature is so strong in comparison to other possible implications.