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What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is a study of the connection between language and context. It addresses questions such as: What do people really mean when they speak in terms?<br><br>It's a philosophy that focuses on practical and reasonable actions. It's in contrast to idealism, which is the belief that you must abide by your principles.<br><br>What is Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics is how people who speak a language interact and communicate with each other. It is often viewed as a component of language however, it differs from semantics because pragmatics studies what the user wants to convey rather than what the actual meaning is.<br><br>As a research area the field of pragmatics is still relatively new and its research has grown rapidly in the last few decades. It is a language academic field, but it has also influenced research in other areas such as psychology, sociolinguistics and the field of anthropology.<br><br>There are a myriad of methods of pragmatics that have contributed to the development and growth of this discipline. One perspective is the Gricean pragmatics approach, which focuses on the notions of intention and its interaction with the speaker's understanding of the listener's comprehension. Other perspectives on pragmatics include conceptual and lexical approaches to pragmatics. These perspectives have contributed to the diversity of topics that researchers in pragmatics have investigated.<br><br>Research in pragmatics has focused on a wide range of subjects such as L2 pragmatic understanding, production of requests by EFL learners and the role of theory of mind in both mental and physical metaphors. It is also applied to various social and cultural phenomena, including political discourse, discriminatory language, and interpersonal communication. Researchers in pragmatics have used a wide range of methodologies from experimental to sociocultural.<br><br>Figure 9A-C demonstrates that the size of the knowledge base for pragmatics differs depending on which database is used. The US and the UK are two of the top performers in pragmatics research. However, their position varies depending on the database. This is due to the fact that pragmatics is a multidisciplinary field that intersects with other disciplines.<br><br>This makes it difficult to determine the top pragmatics authors by the number of publications they have. However, it is possible to identify the most influential authors through analyzing their contributions to the field of pragmatics. Bambini, for example, has contributed to pragmatics by introducing concepts such as politeness and conversational implicititure theories. Grice, Saul, and Kasper are also highly influential authors of pragmatics.<br><br>What is Free Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics concentrates on the contexts and users of language usage, rather than on reference, truth, or grammar. It focuses on how a single utterance may be understood differently in different contexts. This includes ambiguity and indexicality. It also focuses on methods that listeners employ to determine whether utterances are intended to be communicated. It is closely connected to the theory of conversative implicature, which was developed by Paul Grice.<br><br>While the distinction between pragmatics and semantics is a well-known and established one however, there is much debate regarding the exact boundaries of these fields. For instance, some philosophers have argued that the notion of a sentence's meaning is an aspect of semantics. Others have claimed that this sort of thing should be viewed as a pragmatic problem.<br><br>Another debate is whether pragmatics is a part of philosophy of language or a part of the study of linguistics. Some researchers have argued pragmatics is an independent discipline and should be considered a part of linguistics, along with phonology. Syntax, semantics, etc. Others have argued that the study of pragmatics is an aspect of philosophy since it deals with how our ideas about the meaning and use of languages influence our theories about how languages function.<br><br>There are several key issues that arise in the study of pragmatics that have fuelled the debate. For instance, some researchers have suggested that pragmatics isn't a subject in its own right because it examines the ways people interpret and use language, without using any data regarding what is actually being said. This type of approach is called far-side pragmatics. Other scholars, however, have argued that this study is a discipline in its own right, since it examines the ways the meaning and use of language is influenced by social and cultural factors. This is known as near-side pragmatism.<br><br>Other areas of discussion in pragmatics include the way we think about the nature of the utterance interpretation process as an inferential process, and the importance that primary pragmatic processes play in the determining of what is being said by an individual speaker in a sentence. Recanati and [http://www.ksye.cn/space/uid-272775.html 프라그마틱] 정품확인방법 [[https://images.google.com.pa/url?q=https://clements-panduro.blogbright.net/what-is-the-reason-pragmatic-slots-return-rate-is-fast-becoming-the-hottest-trend-of-2024-1726821488 his comment is here]] Bach examine these issues in greater depth. Both of these papers discuss the notions of saturation as well as free pragmatic enrichment. Both are important pragmatic processes in that they shape the overall meaning of a statement.<br><br>What is the difference between free and explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics examines the way in which context influences the meaning of language. It evaluates how human language is utilized in social interactions, and the relationship between the interpreter and the speaker. Linguists who specialize in pragmatics are known as pragmaticians.<br><br>Many different theories of pragmatics have been developed over time. Some, such as Gricean pragmatics focus on the intention of communication of the speaker. Others, such as Relevance Theory concentrate on the understanding processes that occur during the interpretation of words by hearers. Some pragmatic approaches have been combined with other disciplines, such as cognitive science or philosophy.<br><br>There are also a variety of opinions regarding the boundaries between pragmatics and semantics. Morris is one philosopher who believes that semantics and pragmatism are two distinct topics. He says that semantics deal with the relation of signs to objects which they may or not denote, while pragmatics deals with the use of words in a context.<br><br>Other philosophers, including Bach and [https://www.google.pl/url?q=https://steelsunday99.bravejournal.net/its-the-pragmatic-free-case-study-youll-never-forget 프라그마틱 슬롯버프] Harnish, have argued that pragmatics is a subfield of semantics. They distinguish between 'near-side and 'far-side' pragmatism. Near-side pragmatics concerns what is said while far-side focuses on the logical implications of saying something. They believe that a portion of the 'pragmatics' of an expression are already determined by semantics, while other 'pragmatics' is determined by the pragmatic processes of inference.<br><br>One of the most important aspects of pragmatics is that it is a context-dependent phenomenon. This means that the same word could have different meanings in different contexts, depending on things like indexicality and ambiguity. Other things that can change the meaning of an expression include discourse structure, speaker intentions and beliefs, [http://wiki.iurium.cz/w/Kayahall3468 프라그마틱 무료체험] as well as listener expectations.<br><br>A second aspect of pragmatics is its cultural specificity. This is because different cultures have their own rules about what is appropriate to say in various situations. For instance, it's acceptable in certain cultures to keep eye contact while it is rude in other cultures.<br><br>There are a variety of views of pragmatics, and a lot of research is being conducted in the field. There are a myriad of areas of research, such as pragmatics that are computational and formal, theoretical and experimental pragmatics, intercultural and cross pragmatics in linguistics, and clinical and experimentative pragmatics.<br><br>What is the relationship between Free Pragmatics and to Explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>The discipline of pragmatics is concerned with the way meaning is conveyed by language in context. It is less concerned with the grammatical structure of an speech and more on what the speaker is actually saying. Linguists who specialize in pragmatics are known as pragmaticians. The subject of pragmatics is connected to other areas of linguistics like syntax, semantics, and the philosophy of language.<br><br>In recent years, the field of pragmatics has grown in several different directions, including computational linguistics, conversational pragmatics, and theoretical pragmatics. These areas are characterized by a wide variety of research, which focuses on issues like lexical characteristics and the interplay between discourse, language, and meaning.<br><br>One of the main issues in the philosophical debate of pragmatics is whether or not it is possible to provide an exhaustive, systematic view of the semantics/pragmatics interface. Some philosophers have claimed it isn't (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have argued the distinction between pragmatics and semantics is not clear and that they're the same.<br><br>It is not uncommon for scholars to debate back and forth between these two perspectives, arguing that certain phenomena are either semantics or pragmatics. Some scholars say that if a statement has an actual truth conditional meaning, it is semantics. Others contend that the possibility that a statement may be read differently is a sign of pragmatics.<br><br>Other researchers in the field of pragmatics have taken a different approach and argue that the truth-conditional meaning of an utterance is only one among many ways in which the utterance may be interpreted and that all of these interpretations are valid. This approach is sometimes called "far-side pragmatics".<br><br>Recent research in pragmatics has sought to integrate semantic and distant side methods. It attempts to represent the entire range of interpretive possibilities that can be derived from a speaker's words by demonstrating how the speaker's beliefs as well as intentions influence the interpretation. For  [https://bookmarkstore.download/story.php?title=how-pragmatic-slots-site-rose-to-become-the-1-trend-on-social-media 프라그마틱 슬롯 환수율] example, Champollion et al. (2019) combine a Gricean game-theoretic model of the Rational Speech Act framework with technological advances from Franke and Bergen (2020). This model predicts that listeners will entertain a variety of possible exhaustified versions of an utterance containing the universal FCI any and this is what makes the exclusiveness implicature so robust as in comparison to other possible implicatures.
What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of the connection between context, language and meaning. It asks questions like What do people actually mean when they use words?<br><br>It's a philosophies of practical and reasonable action. It's in contrast to idealism, the belief that you must always abide by your principles.<br><br>What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of the ways in which language users gain meaning from and each other. It is often seen as a part or language, but it is different from semantics since it is focused on what the user is trying to convey and not what the actual meaning is.<br><br>As a field of study it is comparatively new, and its research has grown rapidly over the last few decades. It has been primarily an academic field of study within linguistics but it also has an impact on research in other fields like speech-language pathology, psychology, sociolinguistics, and the study of anthropology.<br><br>There are many different methods of pragmatics that have contributed to the development and growth of this field. For example, one perspective is the Gricean approach to pragmatics, which focuses on the notion of intention and how it interacts with the speaker's understanding of the listener's. Other perspectives on pragmatics include lexical and conceptual approaches to pragmatics. These perspectives have contributed to the wide range of topics that researchers in pragmatics have researched.<br><br>The study of pragmatics has covered a wide variety of topics, [https://fatallisto.com/story7976064/seven-reasons-why-pragmatic-genuine-is-important 프라그마틱 무료스핀] including L2 pragmatic comprehension and request production by EFL students, as well as the significance of the theory of mind in physical and mental metaphors. It can also be applied to social and cultural phenomena, such as political discourse, discriminatory language, and interpersonal communication. Researchers studying pragmatics have employed diverse methodologies from experimental to sociocultural.<br><br>Figure 9A-C demonstrates that the size of the knowledge base for pragmatics differs depending on which database is used. The US and the UK are among the top contributors to pragmatics research, however their ranking varies by database. This is due to the fact that pragmatics is multidisciplinary and intersects with other disciplines.<br><br>This makes it difficult to rank the top pragmatics authors based on their publications only. It is possible to identify influential authors by examining their contributions to the field of pragmatics. For example Bambini's contribution in pragmatics includes pioneering concepts such as conversational implicature, and politeness theory. Other authors who have been influential in pragmatics include Grice, Saul and Kasper.<br><br>What is Free Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics is more concerned with the contexts and users of language rather than with truth or reference, or grammar. It focuses on how a single utterance may be understood differently in different contexts. This includes ambiguity and indexicality. It also examines the strategies that hearers use to determine if utterances are intended to be communicative. It is closely connected to the theory of conversative implicature, which was pioneered by Paul Grice.<br><br>While the distinction between semantics and pragmatics is a well-known, long-established one There is a lot of debate about the precise boundaries of these fields. For example some philosophers have claimed that the concept of sentence's meaning is an aspect of semantics while others have argued that this kind of thing should be treated as a pragmatic issue.<br><br>Another area of controversy is whether the study of pragmatics should be considered an linguistics-related branch or as a component of philosophy of language. Some researchers have suggested that pragmatics is an independent field and should be treated as part of linguistics along with phonology. syntax, semantics, etc. Others have argued that the study of pragmatics is a component of philosophy because it examines the way in which our beliefs about the meaning of language and how it is used influence our theories of how languages function.<br><br>There are a few key issues that arise in the study of pragmatics that have fueled many of the debates. For example, some scholars have argued that pragmatics is not a subject in its own right because it examines the ways people interpret and use language, without being able to provide any information regarding what is actually being said. This type of approach is known as far-side pragmatics. Certain scholars have argued that this research should be considered an academic discipline since it studies the ways that cultural and social influences influence the meaning and usage of language. This is known as near-side pragmatics.<br><br>The pragmatics field also discusses the inferential nature and meaning of utterances, as well as the role of primary pragmatic processes in determining what a speaker means in the sentence. Recanati and Bach discuss these issues in greater depth. Both of these papers discuss the notions of saturation and free pragmatic enrichment, which are crucial pragmatic processes in the sense that they help to shape the overall meaning of an expression.<br><br>What is the difference between Free Pragmatics and from Explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics is how the context affects the meaning of linguistics. It focuses on how humans use language in social interaction and the relationship between speaker and interpreter. Pragmaticians are linguists who focus on pragmatics.<br><br>Many different theories of pragmatics have been developed over time. Some, such as Gricean pragmatics, focus on the communication intent of the speaker. Relevance Theory, for example, focuses on the processes of understanding that take place when listeners interpret the meaning of utterances. Some approaches to pragmatics have been merged with other disciplines, like philosophy and cognitive science.<br><br>There are also divergent opinions regarding the boundaries between pragmatics and semantics. Certain philosophers, such as Morris, believe that semantics and  [https://bookmarkstime.com/story18613457/an-adventure-back-in-time-how-people-talked-about-pragmatic-game-20-years-ago 프라그마틱 무료]; [https://bookmarkinginfo.com/story18277621/an-easy-to-follow-guide-to-choosing-the-right-pragmatic-free-trial-meta Bookmarkinginfo.com], pragmatics are two distinct topics. He says that semantics deals with the relation of words to objects that they could or may not denote, whereas pragmatics is concerned with the use of the words in context.<br><br>Other philosophers,  [https://hyperbookmarks.com/story18290880/10-things-you-ve-learned-about-preschool-that-will-help-you-with-pragmatic-free-slots 프라그마틱 사이트] including Bach and Harnish have also argued that pragmatics is a subfield of semantics. They distinguish between "near-side" and "far-side" pragmatics. Near-side pragmatics is focused on what is said, while far-side pragmatics is focused on the logical consequences of saying something. They argue that a portion of the 'pragmatics' in the words spoken are already determined by semantics while other 'pragmatics' are determined by the pragmatic processes of inference.<br><br>The context is among the most important aspects of pragmatics. This means that the same phrase could have different meanings in different contexts, depending on things like ambiguity and indexicality. Other factors that could alter the meaning of an expression include discourse structure, speaker intentions and beliefs, as well as listener expectations.<br><br>Another aspect of pragmatics is that it is culturally specific. It is because every culture has its own rules for what is appropriate in different situations. For example, it is polite in some cultures to keep eye contact however it is not acceptable in other cultures.<br><br>There are a variety of views of pragmatics, and a lot of research is conducted in the field. There are many different areas of study, including formal and computational pragmatics, theoretical and experimental pragmatics, intercultural and cross pragmatics in linguistics, and pragmatics that are experimental and clinical.<br><br>What is the relationship between Free Pragmatics and to Explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>The discipline of pragmatics is concerned with the way meaning is communicated through the language in a context. It analyzes the ways in which the speaker's intention and beliefs influence interpretation, and focuses less on grammatical features of the utterance instead of what is being said. Pragmaticians are linguists that focus in pragmatics. The subject of pragmatics is closely related to other linguistics areas, such as semantics, syntax, and the philosophy of language.<br><br>In recent years, the area of pragmatics has been developing in various directions such as computational linguistics pragmatics of conversation, and theoretic pragmatics. There is a variety of research in these areas, addressing topics like the importance of lexical features as well as the interaction between language and discourse and the nature of the concept of meaning.<br><br>In the philosophical debate about pragmatism, one of the major questions is whether it is possible to give a rigorous and  [https://pr8bookmarks.com/story18373507/what-is-pragmatic-free-trial-meta-and-why-is-everyone-talking-about-it 프라그마틱 정품확인방법] 추천 ([https://pragmatickorea43322.angelinsblog.com/29891864/10-wrong-answers-for-common-live-casino-questions-do-you-know-the-right-ones visit this weblink]) systematic analysis of the interface between pragmatics and semantics. Some philosophers have claimed that it isn't (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have claimed that the distinction between pragmatics and semantics is unclear and that pragmatics and semantics are really the same thing.<br><br>It is not unusual for scholars to argue back and forth between these two views, arguing that certain phenomena are either semantics or pragmatics. For example, some scholars argue that if an expression has the literal truth-conditional meaning, it is semantics. On the other hand, other argue that the fact that an utterance can be interpreted in a variety of ways is pragmatics.<br><br>Other researchers in the field of pragmatics have taken a different stance and argue that the truth-conditional meaning a utterance has is only one of many ways in which the word can be interpreted and that all of these ways are valid. This is often described as "far-side pragmatics".<br><br>Recent research in pragmatics has sought to combine semantic and far side approaches. It attempts to represent the full range of interpretational possibilities that a speaker's speech can offer, by modeling how the speaker's beliefs as well as intentions influence the interpretation. For example, Champollion et al. The 2019 version is a Gricean model of the Rational Speech Act framework, with technical innovations developed by Franke and Bergen. The model predicts that listeners will entertain many possible exhausted parses of an speech utterance that includes the universal FCI Any, and this is why the exclusiveness implicature is so strong when compared to other plausible implications.

Revision as of 07:30, 24 December 2024

What is Pragmatics?

Pragmatics is the study of the connection between context, language and meaning. It asks questions like What do people actually mean when they use words?

It's a philosophies of practical and reasonable action. It's in contrast to idealism, the belief that you must always abide by your principles.

What is Pragmatics?

Pragmatics is the study of the ways in which language users gain meaning from and each other. It is often seen as a part or language, but it is different from semantics since it is focused on what the user is trying to convey and not what the actual meaning is.

As a field of study it is comparatively new, and its research has grown rapidly over the last few decades. It has been primarily an academic field of study within linguistics but it also has an impact on research in other fields like speech-language pathology, psychology, sociolinguistics, and the study of anthropology.

There are many different methods of pragmatics that have contributed to the development and growth of this field. For example, one perspective is the Gricean approach to pragmatics, which focuses on the notion of intention and how it interacts with the speaker's understanding of the listener's. Other perspectives on pragmatics include lexical and conceptual approaches to pragmatics. These perspectives have contributed to the wide range of topics that researchers in pragmatics have researched.

The study of pragmatics has covered a wide variety of topics, 프라그마틱 무료스핀 including L2 pragmatic comprehension and request production by EFL students, as well as the significance of the theory of mind in physical and mental metaphors. It can also be applied to social and cultural phenomena, such as political discourse, discriminatory language, and interpersonal communication. Researchers studying pragmatics have employed diverse methodologies from experimental to sociocultural.

Figure 9A-C demonstrates that the size of the knowledge base for pragmatics differs depending on which database is used. The US and the UK are among the top contributors to pragmatics research, however their ranking varies by database. This is due to the fact that pragmatics is multidisciplinary and intersects with other disciplines.

This makes it difficult to rank the top pragmatics authors based on their publications only. It is possible to identify influential authors by examining their contributions to the field of pragmatics. For example Bambini's contribution in pragmatics includes pioneering concepts such as conversational implicature, and politeness theory. Other authors who have been influential in pragmatics include Grice, Saul and Kasper.

What is Free Pragmatics?

The study of pragmatics is more concerned with the contexts and users of language rather than with truth or reference, or grammar. It focuses on how a single utterance may be understood differently in different contexts. This includes ambiguity and indexicality. It also examines the strategies that hearers use to determine if utterances are intended to be communicative. It is closely connected to the theory of conversative implicature, which was pioneered by Paul Grice.

While the distinction between semantics and pragmatics is a well-known, long-established one There is a lot of debate about the precise boundaries of these fields. For example some philosophers have claimed that the concept of sentence's meaning is an aspect of semantics while others have argued that this kind of thing should be treated as a pragmatic issue.

Another area of controversy is whether the study of pragmatics should be considered an linguistics-related branch or as a component of philosophy of language. Some researchers have suggested that pragmatics is an independent field and should be treated as part of linguistics along with phonology. syntax, semantics, etc. Others have argued that the study of pragmatics is a component of philosophy because it examines the way in which our beliefs about the meaning of language and how it is used influence our theories of how languages function.

There are a few key issues that arise in the study of pragmatics that have fueled many of the debates. For example, some scholars have argued that pragmatics is not a subject in its own right because it examines the ways people interpret and use language, without being able to provide any information regarding what is actually being said. This type of approach is known as far-side pragmatics. Certain scholars have argued that this research should be considered an academic discipline since it studies the ways that cultural and social influences influence the meaning and usage of language. This is known as near-side pragmatics.

The pragmatics field also discusses the inferential nature and meaning of utterances, as well as the role of primary pragmatic processes in determining what a speaker means in the sentence. Recanati and Bach discuss these issues in greater depth. Both of these papers discuss the notions of saturation and free pragmatic enrichment, which are crucial pragmatic processes in the sense that they help to shape the overall meaning of an expression.

What is the difference between Free Pragmatics and from Explanatory Pragmatics?

The study of pragmatics is how the context affects the meaning of linguistics. It focuses on how humans use language in social interaction and the relationship between speaker and interpreter. Pragmaticians are linguists who focus on pragmatics.

Many different theories of pragmatics have been developed over time. Some, such as Gricean pragmatics, focus on the communication intent of the speaker. Relevance Theory, for example, focuses on the processes of understanding that take place when listeners interpret the meaning of utterances. Some approaches to pragmatics have been merged with other disciplines, like philosophy and cognitive science.

There are also divergent opinions regarding the boundaries between pragmatics and semantics. Certain philosophers, such as Morris, believe that semantics and 프라그마틱 무료; Bookmarkinginfo.com, pragmatics are two distinct topics. He says that semantics deals with the relation of words to objects that they could or may not denote, whereas pragmatics is concerned with the use of the words in context.

Other philosophers, 프라그마틱 사이트 including Bach and Harnish have also argued that pragmatics is a subfield of semantics. They distinguish between "near-side" and "far-side" pragmatics. Near-side pragmatics is focused on what is said, while far-side pragmatics is focused on the logical consequences of saying something. They argue that a portion of the 'pragmatics' in the words spoken are already determined by semantics while other 'pragmatics' are determined by the pragmatic processes of inference.

The context is among the most important aspects of pragmatics. This means that the same phrase could have different meanings in different contexts, depending on things like ambiguity and indexicality. Other factors that could alter the meaning of an expression include discourse structure, speaker intentions and beliefs, as well as listener expectations.

Another aspect of pragmatics is that it is culturally specific. It is because every culture has its own rules for what is appropriate in different situations. For example, it is polite in some cultures to keep eye contact however it is not acceptable in other cultures.

There are a variety of views of pragmatics, and a lot of research is conducted in the field. There are many different areas of study, including formal and computational pragmatics, theoretical and experimental pragmatics, intercultural and cross pragmatics in linguistics, and pragmatics that are experimental and clinical.

What is the relationship between Free Pragmatics and to Explanatory Pragmatics?

The discipline of pragmatics is concerned with the way meaning is communicated through the language in a context. It analyzes the ways in which the speaker's intention and beliefs influence interpretation, and focuses less on grammatical features of the utterance instead of what is being said. Pragmaticians are linguists that focus in pragmatics. The subject of pragmatics is closely related to other linguistics areas, such as semantics, syntax, and the philosophy of language.

In recent years, the area of pragmatics has been developing in various directions such as computational linguistics pragmatics of conversation, and theoretic pragmatics. There is a variety of research in these areas, addressing topics like the importance of lexical features as well as the interaction between language and discourse and the nature of the concept of meaning.

In the philosophical debate about pragmatism, one of the major questions is whether it is possible to give a rigorous and 프라그마틱 정품확인방법 추천 (visit this weblink) systematic analysis of the interface between pragmatics and semantics. Some philosophers have claimed that it isn't (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have claimed that the distinction between pragmatics and semantics is unclear and that pragmatics and semantics are really the same thing.

It is not unusual for scholars to argue back and forth between these two views, arguing that certain phenomena are either semantics or pragmatics. For example, some scholars argue that if an expression has the literal truth-conditional meaning, it is semantics. On the other hand, other argue that the fact that an utterance can be interpreted in a variety of ways is pragmatics.

Other researchers in the field of pragmatics have taken a different stance and argue that the truth-conditional meaning a utterance has is only one of many ways in which the word can be interpreted and that all of these ways are valid. This is often described as "far-side pragmatics".

Recent research in pragmatics has sought to combine semantic and far side approaches. It attempts to represent the full range of interpretational possibilities that a speaker's speech can offer, by modeling how the speaker's beliefs as well as intentions influence the interpretation. For example, Champollion et al. The 2019 version is a Gricean model of the Rational Speech Act framework, with technical innovations developed by Franke and Bergen. The model predicts that listeners will entertain many possible exhausted parses of an speech utterance that includes the universal FCI Any, and this is why the exclusiveness implicature is so strong when compared to other plausible implications.